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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

INRIM Sr Optical Clock: An Optically Loaded Apparatus for High-Stability Metrology

Matteo Barbiero, Marco G. Tarallo, Federica Rullo, Matias Risaro, Cecilia Clivati, Davide Calonico, Filippo Levi

Published Jul 7, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the development of a new compact strontium optical lattice clock employing a 2D-MOT as cold atomic source. The clock system reliability is currently studied using the most abundant isotope, the bosonic88Sr. More than 10588Sr atoms are loaded in the optical lattice at 813 nm at temperatures of few microKelvin. All the needed optical frequencies are stabilized to a zero-CTE high finesse optical resonator, and can be operated without frequency adjustments for weeks. The system shows the advantage of optical guiding and switching the atomic source to the clock spectroscopy region by demonstrating more than 17 s lifetime. First spectroscopy tests on the clock transition on88Sr atoms has been performed by magnetic-field induced spectroscopy.

DOI
10.1109/eftf/ifcs52194.2021.9604341

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We report on the development of a new compact strontium optical lattice clock employing a 2D-MOT as cold atomic source. The clock system reliability is currently studied using the most abundant isotope, the bosonic88Sr. More than 10588Sr atoms are loaded in the optical lattice at 813 nm at temperatures of few microKelvin. All the needed optical frequencies are stabilized to a zero-CTE high finesse optical resonator, and can be operated without frequency adjustments for weeks. The system shows the advantage of optical guiding and switching the atomic source to the clock spectroscopy region by demonstrating more than 17 s lifetime. First spectroscopy tests on the clock transition on88Sr atoms has been performed by magnetic-field induced spectroscopy.
We report on the realization of a new compact strontium optical clock using a 2-D magneto-optical-trap (2D-MOT) as cold atomic source and a multi-wavelength cavity as the frequency stabilization system. All needed optical frequencies are stabilized to a zero-thermal expansion high-finesse optical resonator and can be operated without frequency adjustments for weeks. We present the complete characterization of the apparatus. Optical control of the atomic source allows us to perform low-noise clock operation without atomic signal normalization. Long- and short-term stability tests of the clock have been performed for the88Sr bosonic isotope by means of interleaved clock operation. Finally, we present the first preliminary accuracy budget of the system.
We report on recent realization of an optical lattice clock operating on the1S0-3P0transition in88Sr, at LENS laboratories. The clock transition is excited with the technique of magnetic field-induced spectroscopy. New experimental techniques has also been developed in order to simplifies the clock spectroscopy in Sr atoms. The first new method helps in the first search of the clock transition without the use of extensive frequency metrology hardware and in particular optical frequency combs. This technique exploits a near coincidence in the atomic wavelengths of the1S0-3P0clock and1S0-3P1second stage cooling transitions in Sr, which are only 5 THz far apart. This coincidence enables the use of an optical (transfer) cavity to reference the frequency of the clock transition relative to that of the much stronger cooling transition. Secondly we reduce the complexity of the experimental setup by using only semiconductor laser sources in the apparatus. With this setup, about 10488Sr atoms are trapped in a 1D lattice formed by 200 mW of radiation tuned near the magic wavelength at 813 nm. We will present a first uncertainty budget for our optical lattice clock based on88Sr with particular attention to density dependent collisions, which led to an unexpectedly high signal contrast for long interaction times. In view of an absolute frequency measurement of clock transition we'll also present recent experimental results on optimization of an home made Ti:Sa optical frequency comb. Additionally, we anticipate that the simplification of the experimental setup presented will help address a wider range of applications including those requiring transportable devices. Along these lines we will report progress on the realization of the first transportable Sr optical lattice clock.
We present experimental results for an optical lattice clock operating on the1S0harr3P0transition in88Sr, which is excited with the technique of magnetic field-induced spectroscopy To reduce the complexity of the setup we have developed a set of new experimental techniques that greatly simplifies the clock spectroscopy in Sr atoms. First, we developed a method for finding the clock transition that removes the need for extensive frequency metrology hardware and optical frequency combs. This technique exploits a near coincidence in the atomic wavelengths of the1S0harr3P0clock and1S0harr3P1second stage cooling transitions in Sr, which are only 5 THz far apart. This coincidence enables the use of an optical (transfer) cavity to reference the frequency of the clock transition relative to that of the much stronger coolign transition Second, all laser sources in the experimental setup are based on semiconductor technology, which greatly reduces the complexity of the apparatus. With this setup, about 10488Sr atoms are trapped in a 1D lattice formed by 200 mW of radiation tuned near the magic wavelength at 813 nm. Preliminar uncertainty budget for our optical lattice clock is also presented, with particular attention to density dependent collisions, which led to an unexpectedly high signal contrast for long interaction times.
We report on our progress toward the realization of an optical frequency standard referenced to strontium intercombination lines. Our current setup allows the production of ultracold Sr atoms in hundreds of ms. For high resolution spectroscopy of1S0-3P0doubly forbidden transition we have also prepared a 698 nm clock laser stabilized on high finesse symmetrically suspended cavity and a high power 813 nm light source for the optical lattice trap at the magic wavelength. All the laser source employed are based on semiconductor device. This opens the way to the realization of compact, reliable and eventually transportable optical frequency standards.
We report on our progress toward the realization of a compact optical frequency standard referenced to strontium intercombination lines. Our current setup allows the production of ultracold Sr atoms in hundreds of ms. For high resolution spectroscopy of the 1S0-3P0 doubly forbidden transition we have prepared a 698 nm clock laser stabilized on a high finesse, symmetrically suspended cavity and a high power 813 nm light source for the optical lattice trap at the magic wavelength. Due to their compactness, reliability, and low power consumption, semiconductor laser sources represent the best choice for the development of compact and transportable devices for application both on Earth and in Space. A new Sr trapping and cooling experimental setup is also presented.
We report on the status of the strontium optical lattice clock at INRIM and its development towards a cavity-enhanced optical frequency standard exploiting quantum techniques. We have recently developed a novel method to perform high-fidelity spectral purity transfer based on serrodyne optical frequency shifting. We estimated the phase noise induced by the modulation setup by developing a novel composite self-heterodyne interferometer. The consequent short-term stability of our clock is presented, showing collision-limited interaction time in the bosonic88Sr clock. We also outline the progress towards a cavity-enhanced optical lattice clock. We present a numerical study on collective spin-squeezed states produced by QND continuous measurement of a lossy cavity and its relevance for a Sr optical lattice clock.