Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT)

A Secured Quantum Key Exchange Algorithm using Fermat Numbers and DNA Encoding

Partha Sarathi Goswami, Tamal Chakraborty, Abir Chattopadhyay

Published Sep 15, 2021• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

To address the concerns posed by certain security attacks on communication protocol, this paper proposes a Quantum Key Exchange algorithm coupled with an encoding scheme based on Fermat Numbers and DNA sequences. The concept of Watson-Crick’s transformation of DNA sequences and random property of the Fermat Numbers is applied for protection of the communication system by means of dual encryption. The key generation procedure is governed by a quantum bit rotation mechanism. The total process is illustrated with an example. Also, security analysis of the encryption and decryption process is also discussed.

DOI
10.1109/icecct52121.2021.9616749

Related papers

Reliability and Correctness of Quantum Key Exchange with Secure Encoding

Partha Sarathi Goswami, Tamal Chakraborty

This chapter focuses on the security and reliability of quantum key exchange algorithms with secure encoding. Various DNA encoding schemes have been discussed in combination with Super-increasing Knapsack codes and Fermat codes. Amalgamating more than one coding techniques increases the diffusion and confusion of the underlying communication channel, thereby adding to the overall system robustness. The impact of possible well-known attacks on the system has been critically analyzed. The results show that the proposed methodology works well with respect to the vulnerabilities under observation.

Apple Academic Press eBooks•Feb 19, 2026•0 citations

A Novel Encryption Technique Using DNA Encoding and Single Qubit Rotations

Partha Sarathi Goswami, Tamal Chakraborty, Harekrishna Chatterjee

In today’s world security has become a major threat over the transmission channel. To overcome this DNA cryptography is used to encrypt and transfer the message from sender to receiver over a secured communication network. This paper focuses on the encryption and decryption of the message using DNA encoded sequences and discusses the cryptographic applications of single qubit rotations from the view of one-way trapdoor functions. For encryption quantum public key is used and for decryption the concept of classical private key is used. The mapping between integer numbers and quantum states is done using one way trapdoor function.

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering•Mar 30, 2018•2 citations

BIT BASED SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION METHOD USING DNA SEQUENCE AND QUANTUM TECHNIQUE TO GENERATE ENCRYPTED KEY

Dept. of CSE, APIIIT (RGUKT) Andhra Pradesh, India, Ratnakumari Challa

Now a day everyone wants to provide security to their data.Present days many methods are available for doing the Cryptography.DNA sequence key based cryptography became popular because of its more security features.In the paper, encryption technique proposed is based on using two methods: Quantum key distribution for generating a key corresponding to the bit of the plain text and DNA sequence based encryption for encryption of the plain text.Sender first performs complement and LBP operation on the data.Instead of sending the processed plain text bits, sender sends the complement of the key if the processed plain text bit is 0 otherwise sends the swapped key sequence.DNA Complement method on the key which is generated by the Quantum key generation method is done based on BB84 protocol.Two step encryption and decryption technique using DNA based encryption is proposed and practically implemented.The performance of the proposed technique is analysed and compared with other related techniques.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science•Feb 20, 2018•0 citations

Robust Quantum Key Distribution Based on Two Level Qdna Technique to Generate Encrypted Key

N Srilatha, M Deepthi, I Rajasekhar Reddy

The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficult for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level DNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and DNA alone.

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering•Nov 11, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Enhanced Secure Communication Integrating Quantum Entanglement Based Secure Channels with XOR Based Encryption for Resilient Data Exchange

M. Sivaranjini, N. Raviragul, V. Joel Kirubakaran +1 more

Digital interaction's expansion has created a necessity for safe and efficient data transfer. Standard encryption procedures can be cracked by sophisticated hacking techniques, and moreover, they will become obsolete in the future with the emergence of quantum computers. This article introduces a hybrid cryptography that consists of a secure channel based on quantum entanglement and a lightweight encryption scheme using XOR operations. Quantum key distribution allows for a tamper-proof key exchange, and at the same time, XOR encryption provides a very simple and quick encryption and decryption process. Thus, this double-layer security system not only ensures data privacy and data integrity but also makes it difficult for the attackers to use brute force or become one of the middle parties during the transaction. Moreover, the XOR algorithm can lower the number of calculations needed for the process, so the method can be utilized in real-time secure communication without any computational overhead. Simulation experiments are used for the evaluation of security, the time for the key generation, and the efficiency of encryption. Experiments of results underline the excellent protection of information interception and low technical overhead signalled in comparison with traditional methods of cryptography. This paper exemplifies one possible way to mix quantum and classical encryption techniques to build a secure communication system that is reliable, upgradable, and less vulnerable to attacks, which could eventually lead to a post-quantum era.

International Conference on Signal, Systems, and Computing for Next-Gen Automation (ICSSCNA)•May 4, 2026•0 citations

Novel Quantum Encryption Algorithm Based on Multiqubit Quantum Shift Register and Hill Cipher

Rifaat Z. Khalaf, Alharith A. Abdullah

Based on a quantum shift register, a novel quantum block cryptographic algorithm that can be used to encrypt classical messages is proposed. The message is encoded and decoded by using a code generated by the quantum shift register. The security of this algorithm is analysed in detail. It is shown that, in the quantum block cryptographic algorithm, two keys can be used. One of them is the classical key that is used in the Hill cipher algorithm where Alice and Bob use the authenticated Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm using the concept of digital signature for the authentication of the two communicating parties and so eliminate the man-in-the-middle attack. The other key is generated by the quantum shift register and used for the coding of the encryption message, where Alice and Bob share the key by using theBB84 protocol. The novel algorithm can prevent a quantum attack strategy as well as a classical attack strategy. The problem of key management is discussed and circuits for the encryption and the decryption are suggested.

Advances in High Energy Physics•Jan 1, 2014•6 citations
To address the concerns posed by certain security attacks on communication protocol, this paper proposes a Quantum Key Exchange algorithm coupled with an encoding scheme based on Fermat Numbers and DNA sequences. The concept of Watson-Crick’s transformation of DNA sequences and random property of the Fermat Numbers is applied for protection of the communication system by means of dual encryption. The key generation procedure is governed by a quantum bit rotation mechanism. The total process is illustrated with an example. Also, security analysis of the encryption and decryption process is also discussed.
This chapter focuses on the security and reliability of quantum key exchange algorithms with secure encoding. Various DNA encoding schemes have been discussed in combination with Super-increasing Knapsack codes and Fermat codes. Amalgamating more than one coding techniques increases the diffusion and confusion of the underlying communication channel, thereby adding to the overall system robustness. The impact of possible well-known attacks on the system has been critically analyzed. The results show that the proposed methodology works well with respect to the vulnerabilities under observation.
In today’s world security has become a major threat over the transmission channel. To overcome this DNA cryptography is used to encrypt and transfer the message from sender to receiver over a secured communication network. This paper focuses on the encryption and decryption of the message using DNA encoded sequences and discusses the cryptographic applications of single qubit rotations from the view of one-way trapdoor functions. For encryption quantum public key is used and for decryption the concept of classical private key is used. The mapping between integer numbers and quantum states is done using one way trapdoor function.
Now a day everyone wants to provide security to their data.Present days many methods are available for doing the Cryptography.DNA sequence key based cryptography became popular because of its more security features.In the paper, encryption technique proposed is based on using two methods: Quantum key distribution for generating a key corresponding to the bit of the plain text and DNA sequence based encryption for encryption of the plain text.Sender first performs complement and LBP operation on the data.Instead of sending the processed plain text bits, sender sends the complement of the key if the processed plain text bit is 0 otherwise sends the swapped key sequence.DNA Complement method on the key which is generated by the Quantum key generation method is done based on BB84 protocol.Two step encryption and decryption technique using DNA based encryption is proposed and practically implemented.The performance of the proposed technique is analysed and compared with other related techniques.
The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficult for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level DNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and DNA alone.
Digital interaction's expansion has created a necessity for safe and efficient data transfer. Standard encryption procedures can be cracked by sophisticated hacking techniques, and moreover, they will become obsolete in the future with the emergence of quantum computers. This article introduces a hybrid cryptography that consists of a secure channel based on quantum entanglement and a lightweight encryption scheme using XOR operations. Quantum key distribution allows for a tamper-proof key exchange, and at the same time, XOR encryption provides a very simple and quick encryption and decryption process. Thus, this double-layer security system not only ensures data privacy and data integrity but also makes it difficult for the attackers to use brute force or become one of the middle parties during the transaction. Moreover, the XOR algorithm can lower the number of calculations needed for the process, so the method can be utilized in real-time secure communication without any computational overhead. Simulation experiments are used for the evaluation of security, the time for the key generation, and the efficiency of encryption. Experiments of results underline the excellent protection of information interception and low technical overhead signalled in comparison with traditional methods of cryptography. This paper exemplifies one possible way to mix quantum and classical encryption techniques to build a secure communication system that is reliable, upgradable, and less vulnerable to attacks, which could eventually lead to a post-quantum era.
Based on a quantum shift register, a novel quantum block cryptographic algorithm that can be used to encrypt classical messages is proposed. The message is encoded and decoded by using a code generated by the quantum shift register. The security of this algorithm is analysed in detail. It is shown that, in the quantum block cryptographic algorithm, two keys can be used. One of them is the classical key that is used in the Hill cipher algorithm where Alice and Bob use the authenticated Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm using the concept of digital signature for the authentication of the two communicating parties and so eliminate the man-in-the-middle attack. The other key is generated by the quantum shift register and used for the coding of the encryption message, where Alice and Bob share the key by using theBB84 protocol. The novel algorithm can prevent a quantum attack strategy as well as a classical attack strategy. The problem of key management is discussed and circuits for the encryption and the decryption are suggested.