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International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering

A Novel Encryption Technique Using DNA Encoding and Single Qubit Rotations

Partha Sarathi Goswami, Tamal Chakraborty, Harekrishna Chatterjee

Published Mar 30, 2018• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In today’s world security has become a major threat over the transmission channel. To overcome this DNA cryptography is used to encrypt and transfer the message from sender to receiver over a secured communication network. This paper focuses on the encryption and decryption of the message using DNA encoded sequences and discusses the cryptographic applications of single qubit rotations from the view of one-way trapdoor functions. For encryption quantum public key is used and for decryption the concept of classical private key is used. The mapping between integer numbers and quantum states is done using one way trapdoor function.

DOI
10.26438/ijcse/v6i3.364369

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In today’s world security has become a major threat over the transmission channel. To overcome this DNA cryptography is used to encrypt and transfer the message from sender to receiver over a secured communication network. This paper focuses on the encryption and decryption of the message using DNA encoded sequences and discusses the cryptographic applications of single qubit rotations from the view of one-way trapdoor functions. For encryption quantum public key is used and for decryption the concept of classical private key is used. The mapping between integer numbers and quantum states is done using one way trapdoor function.
We discuss cryptographic applications of single-qubit rotations from the perspective of trapdoor one-way functions and public-key encryption. In particular, we present an asymmetric cryptosystem whose security relies on fundamental principles of quantum physics. A quantum public key is used for the encryption of messages while decryption is possible by means of a classical private key only. The trapdoor one-way function underlying the proposed cryptosystem maps integer numbers to quantum states of a qubit and its inversion can be infeasible by virtue of the Holevo's theorem.
In today’s world, security in data communication has become a top-most priority in every organization. In general, cryptography is defined as the methodology to ensure data is secure by employing suitable encryption and decryption techniques. On the transmitter side, the original message is encrypted using a key. Then the encrypted data is decrypted with the duplicate key at the receiver side as per the accepted protocol between the two parties. In conventional cryptographic techniques, eavesdropping is prevented from accessing the contents of encrypted message by employing certain mathematical function and techniques, but this security methodology does not guarantee any key security. In many scenarios, a secure communication link is established by using a key, but a third party with a bad intent may steal the session keys, giving rise to data security, getting compromised. So in this regard, quantum cryptography is a better alternative when it comes to data security integrity. In this research, a detail about quantum cryptography is elaborated on, and also discussed are various concepts like single photon protocol, loss of data in quantum computing, how quantum is affecting computer communication systems. In conventional cryptographic methodology of data transmission and reception, there is always a probability of eavesdropping leading to the compromising of data integrity and security. The solution to this problem can be obtained by integrating the quantum cryptographic technique with data at the sender as well as the receiver, to detect and minimize various errors by employing suitable bit error scheme. This involves the usage of programming language specific to quantum computing like qcl and quipper to achieve efficient encryption and decryption with faster processing capability.
To address the concerns posed by certain security attacks on communication protocol, this paper proposes a Quantum Key Exchange algorithm coupled with an encoding scheme based on Fermat Numbers and DNA sequences. The concept of Watson-Crick’s transformation of DNA sequences and random property of the Fermat Numbers is applied for protection of the communication system by means of dual encryption. The key generation procedure is governed by a quantum bit rotation mechanism. The total process is illustrated with an example. Also, security analysis of the encryption and decryption process is also discussed.
The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficult for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level DNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and DNA alone.
Now a day everyone wants to provide security to their data.Present days many methods are available for doing the Cryptography.DNA sequence key based cryptography became popular because of its more security features.In the paper, encryption technique proposed is based on using two methods: Quantum key distribution for generating a key corresponding to the bit of the plain text and DNA sequence based encryption for encryption of the plain text.Sender first performs complement and LBP operation on the data.Instead of sending the processed plain text bits, sender sends the complement of the key if the processed plain text bit is 0 otherwise sends the swapped key sequence.DNA Complement method on the key which is generated by the Quantum key generation method is done based on BB84 protocol.Two step encryption and decryption technique using DNA based encryption is proposed and practically implemented.The performance of the proposed technique is analysed and compared with other related techniques.
Security is the most common aspect of today's world, when all things are going to digitize then make them secure over the communication channel has become the prime aim of the digital service providers.Although many encryption and decryption techniques are available in the field of the cryptography, but they all are based on mathematical calculation which are difficult to solve but not impossible.The all existing techniques can be break by using quantum computer and some extra efforts.But Quantum Cryptography that is free from the mathematical calculations and large prime number factorization is solution of this type of problems.Quantum Cryptography based on the laws of physics and quantum mechanics which gives the most secure way of encryption and decryption.In this paper Key Generation and Exchanging of Key is implemented by using Visual Basic software to secure the digital data over the communication channel.Quantum cryptography will use Photons to transmit the information over the channel which are polarized at different orientation which are 00,450,900 and 1350 from sender at some basis and these polarized information is received by second party at other end and receiver will match the received photon with his photon on his basis and matched photons will form the Key, and if anyone try to hack that information both parties will come to know about the hacking.