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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

Continuous-Wave Mirrorless Lasing at 1.47 µm in Blue-Light Pumped Cs Vapor

Tiantian Shi, Jianxiang Miao, Jingbiao Chen

Published Jul 7, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Population inversion on the 7S1/2− 6P3/2transition of cesium atoms is built by 455 nm diode laser pumping, and continuous-wave (cw) lasing is observed without the feedback on the gain medium from cavity mirrors. The stimulated emission at 1.47 µm infrared wavelength is restricted to a narrow angle along the direction of propagation of the pumping laser. Evidence of threshold-like characteristic is demonstrated in the cw mirrorless lasing dependence on pumping laser detuning, atomic density, and pumping light intensity. This compact structure can be used to generate mirrorless laser in a number of infrared wavelengths applied for the communication area. Moreover, it is expected to realize the narrow-linewidth optical frequency standard from an ultralow-finesse optical cavity.

DOI
10.1109/eftf/ifcs52194.2021.9604337

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Population inversion on the 7S1/2− 6P3/2transition of cesium atoms is built by 455 nm diode laser pumping, and continuous-wave (cw) lasing is observed without the feedback on the gain medium from cavity mirrors. The stimulated emission at 1.47 µm infrared wavelength is restricted to a narrow angle along the direction of propagation of the pumping laser. Evidence of threshold-like characteristic is demonstrated in the cw mirrorless lasing dependence on pumping laser detuning, atomic density, and pumping light intensity. This compact structure can be used to generate mirrorless laser in a number of infrared wavelengths applied for the communication area. Moreover, it is expected to realize the narrow-linewidth optical frequency standard from an ultralow-finesse optical cavity.
Mirrorless lasers avoid cavity-pulling effects by generating stimulated emission directly from an atomic gain medium without an optical cavity. However, most superradiant or superfluorescent emissions are transient, limiting their use as steady atom-referenced optical sources. Here, we demonstrate a continuous-wave dual-wavelength mirrorless laser in thermal rubidium vapor. A frequency-stabilized 420 nm laser pumps the 5S1/2→6P3/2 transition and generates directional infrared lasing at 1323 and 1367 nm through the non-cascaded 6S1/2→5P1/2 and 6S1/2→5P3/2 transitions. The emissions exhibit threshold-like pump-power dependence and a near-fundamental transverse mode, supporting CW mirrorless laser in a traveling-wave atomic gain medium. Heterodyne detection gives a 1367 nm linewidth of 32.5 kHz, which is 38 times narrower than the natural linewidth. This work establishes a linewidth-narrowed, cavity-free, atom-referenced dual-wavelength laser platform for precision spectroscopy, optical frequency references, and quantum sensing.
We report on the studies of simultaneous continuous-wave mirrorless lasing on multiple optical transitions, realized by pumping hot cesium (Cs) vapor with laser light resonant with the 6S1/2→8P3/2 transition. The multiplicity of the decay paths for the excited atoms to their ground state is responsible for the emergence of lasing in a number of transitions, observed here in at least seven wavelengths in the infrared and at two wavelengths in the blue. We study the properties of the fields generated in the Cs vapor such as optical power, directionality, and optical linewidth.
We report on the studies of simultaneous continuous-wave mirrorless lasing on multiple optical transitions, realized by pumping hot cesium (Cs) vapor with laser light resonant with the 6S1/2→8P3/2 transition. The multiplicity of the decay paths for the excited atoms to their ground state is responsible for the emergence of lasing in a number of transitions, observed here in at least seven wavelengths in the infrared and at two wavelengths in the blue. We study the properties of the fields generated in the Cs vapor such as optical power, directionality, and optical linewidth.
We demonstrate backward-directed continuous-wave (cw) emission at 2.21 {\mu}m generated on the 4P3/2-4S1/2 population-inverted transition in Na vapors two-photon excited with resonant laser light at 589 and 569 nm. Our study of power and atom-number-density threshold characteristics shows that lasing occurs at sub-10 mW total power of the applied laser light. The observed 6 mrad divergence is defined mainly by the aspect ratio of the gain region. We find that mirrorless lasing at 2.21 {\mu}m is magnetic field and polarization dependent that may be useful for remote magnetometry. The presented results could help determine the requirements for obtaining directional return from sodium atoms in the mesosphere
In this paper, we present a laser scheme without cavity in a 10 cm cesium cell as a potential active optical frequency standard. Since no cavity is applied, the stimulated light is emitted from the atoms directly and the center frequency of output laser light is solely determined by atoms without cavity pulling. The threshold characteristic of the emitted light is measured. This scheme can be used to investigate the relation between stimulated emission and amplified spontaneous emission. It is expected to be further extended to generate other narrow linewidth frequency standard signals.