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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters

Secure Transmission Design for Cooperative NOMA in the Presence of Internal Eavesdropping

Binbin Su, Wenjuan Yu, Hongbo Liu, Arsenia Chorti, H. Vincent Poor

Published Feb 25, 2022• 27 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The application of successive interference cancellation (SIC) introduces critical security risks to cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems in the presence of untrustworthy network nodes, referred to as internal eavesdroppers. To address this potential security and reliability flaw, by assuming all users are untrusted, this letter investigates the effective secrecy throughput (EST) for a cooperative NOMA system, where a near user serves as an amplify-and-forward relay to help forward the information of a far user. Considering the inverse power allocation and SIC decoding order, a novel jamming strategy is proposed to enhance the security performance of the far user. Gauss-Chebyshev approximations of ESTs over Nakagami-${m}$channels are derived. Asymptotic EST expressions are proposed to provide further insights. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed jamming strategy and the inverse power allocation and SIC decoding order are both essential for achieving positive secrecy rates for both users.

DOI
10.1109/lwc.2021.3098935

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The application of successive interference cancellation (SIC) introduces critical security risks to cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems in the presence of untrustworthy network nodes, referred to as internal eavesdroppers. To address this potential security and reliability flaw, by assuming all users are untrusted, this letter investigates the effective secrecy throughput (EST) for a cooperative NOMA system, where a near user serves as an amplify-and-forward relay to help forward the information of a far user. Considering the inverse power allocation and SIC decoding order, a novel jamming strategy is proposed to enhance the security performance of the far user. Gauss-Chebyshev approximations of ESTs over Nakagami-m{m}mchannels are derived. Asymptotic EST expressions are proposed to provide further insights. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed jamming strategy and the inverse power allocation and SIC decoding order are both essential for achieving positive secrecy rates for both users.
This paper investigates secure transmission for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems where the imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) is considered at both legitimate users and eavesdropper (Eve). A power allocation scheme is designed for the legitimate users to mitigate the effect of the SIC error caused by imperfect SIC. For characterizing the secrecy performance of the NOMA system, the closed-form expressions for connection outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP), and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are derived over Nakagami-m fading channels in both NOMA and benchmark orthogonal multiple access (OMA) systems. We also provide security and reliability trade-off results (SRT) for the users in the NOMA and OMA systems. Simulation results verify our analysis and show that the strong users achieve better secrecy performance but worse reliability performance and NOMA outperforms OMA in terms of SRT.
In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of an uplink-downlink power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) system with imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) in physical layer security (PLS). In the proposed system, two source users (SUs) communicate with two destination users (DUs) with the help of a cluster of multi-relay nodes using the decode-and-forward (DF) protocol in the presence of multi-eavesdroppers. These eavesdroppers try to overhear the wireless signal around the DUs. In our system, the selected DF-relay node also works as a jammer to improve security and protect confidential information from multi-eavesdroppers. In this role, the DF-relay node generates a jamming signal, creating artificial interference to reduce the quality of the eavesdropping channels. To evaluate the secrecy performance of the system, we derived the analytical expressions of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) for both DUs using three relay selection strategies over Rayleigh fading channels and used Monte Carlo simulations to confirm the accuracy of our calculations. Furthermore, we examined the effects of system parameters such as the number of eavesdroppers and DF relaying nodes, the power allocation, SIC performance, the position of eavesdropper on the SOP of the two DUs. We compared the performance of our proposed NOMA system with those of conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes.
Due to the successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique, Non orthogonal multiple Access (NOMA) users have the capability of decoding the other paired users sharing the same resource bloc. As a result, NOMA technique is not only exposed to external eavesdropping, but also to internal eavesdropping which raises security risks regarding NOMA users' privacy. Therefore, this research aims to analyse a Multi-antenna cooperative NOMA system where both Decode and Forward (DF) and Amplify and Forward (AF) strategies are studied. In this context, we investigate the secrecy performance of our system with both internal and external eavesdropping scenarios. Closed-form expressions of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) metrics are derived. Numerical results are given to illustrate the validity of the obtained theoretical results.
This letter investigates secure transmission in non-orthogonal multiple access networks with an untrusted amplify-and-forward relay. In order to enhance secrecy performance, a cooperative jamming strategy is designed to confuse the relay. The new exact and asymptotic expressions for effective secrecy throughput (EST) are derived over Nakagami-m fading channels, which demonstrates that jamming plays an important role for obtaining nonzero EST and should be carefully designed for achieving better secrecy performance. In addition, simulations are presented to provide some insights into parameters, i.e., transmit powers and fading parameters, on the secrecy performance.
In this paper, the secrecy performance for a downlink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication system is studied under two cases. In the first case, the presence of an untrusted user is studied. While, the presence of an eavesdropper node is considered in the second case. The base station transmits superimposed information signals to the half-duplex two-way relay node. The relay amplifies-and-forwards the received signal towards the users. This paper studies the effectiveness of two factors on the secrecy performance in terms of secrecy capacity. these factors are the power allocated for each user, and the distance between the untrusted user and the cooperative relay node with respect to the strong user. Moreover, this paper proposes the shared jamming signal strategy in order to enhance the physical layer security of the cooperative NOMA in the presence of an eavesdropper node. Furthermore, simulations of the secrecy capacity are presented and compared with a conventional scheme based on null-steering jamming scheme. Based on the result the proposed technique outperforms the conventional technique in terms the of secrecy capacity.
This paper investigates the physical-layer security (PLS) aspects of the uplink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in the context of two user scenario. More specifically, this work employs the decode-and-forward (DF) relay for not only establishing a connection between the far user and base station (BS) but also enhancing the performance of far user whose channel is prone to the detrimental effects of fading and shadowing. The secrecy performance comparison between two users i.e., near user and far user is obtained under perfect and imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) assumptions and even the performance of FU is improved by using DF relay and instantaneous channel gain decoding order is considered at the BS under two cases. This paper analyses the performance of cooperative uplink NOMA network in the presence of an external eavesdropper in terms of secrecy ergodic capacity (SEC), secrecy ergodic sum capacity (SESC), and secrecy outage probability (SOP). This work derives the closed-form analytical expressions of SOP and SEC metrics for both strong and weak users with perfect and imperfect SIC cases in order to characterise the secrecy performance of the proposed secure cooperative NOMA network. Further, the outcomes of the simulations are shown as evidence for both the validation of the mathematical analysis and the performance of the proposed method.