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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Optical phase relaxation of impurity ions in a resonant radiation field

A. R. Kessel, R. P. Shakhmuratov, L. D. Eksin

Published Oct 1, 1988• 0 citations
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The frequency-field and orientation dependences of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra are measured for impurity Tm 3+ ions in yttrium orthosilicate (Y 2 SiO 5 ) single crystals by stationary EPR spectroscopy in the frequency range of 50–100 GHz at 4.2 K. The position of the impurity ion in the crystal lattice and its magnetic characteristics are determined. The temperature dependences of the spin–lattice and phase relaxation times are measured by pulse EPR methods in the temperature range of 5–15 K and the high efficiency of the direct single-phonon mechanism of spin–lattice relaxation is established. This greatly shortens the spin–lattice relaxation time at low temperatures and makes impurity Tm 3+ ions in Y 2 SiO 5 a promising basis for the implementation of high-speed quantum memory based on rare-earth ions in dielectric crystals.
We consider a hybrid optomechanical system composed of an ensemble of identical rare earth ions embedded in a bulk crystal, and coupled to internal strain. We evidence the generation of a mechanical response within this hybrid system under resonant atomic excitation, which we find to be driven by two fundamental contributions: First, a conservative backaction force coined as piezo-orbital, coming along with the promotion of the atoms in their excited state. This effect is expected in all impurity-doped crystals and reflects the interaction between the ions' orbital shape and the crystal field of their host matrix. The second contribution corresponds to a dissipa-tive, photothermal backaction force associated with the non-radiative relaxation dynamics of the rare-earth ions. The two components are identified by means of a spatio-temporal mapping of the mechanically non-resonant op-tomechanical response in the bulk crystal. The optically resonant nature of the two effects and their fundamental connection to the internal atomic state dynamics are quantitatively confirmed.