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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Dynamics of ultrafast twin beam generation in gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fibres

Markus Lippl, Maria V. Chekhova, Nicolas Y. Joly

Published Jun 21, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been shown that noble-gas filled hollow-core photonic crystal fibres (HC-PCFs) are suitable for Raman-free generation of entangled sidebands, both in the low-gain regime for the generation of biphoton states and for bright states in the high-gain regime [1] , [2] . The frequency correlations of the bipartite system and its entanglement properties are often described in terms of time-frequency Schmidt (TFS) modes, which can be extracted from the joint spectral amplitude (JSA). It is however experimentally easier to measure the joint spectral intensity (JSI = |JSA| 2 ), which can also yield valuable information about the source [1] . The major difference between twin beam or biphoton generation in a crystal and in a fibre is that in fibre the propagation dynamics of pump, signal and idler play a bigger role due to the much longer path-lengths.

DOI
10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec52157.2021.9542139

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It has been shown that noble-gas filled hollow-core photonic crystal fibres (HC-PCFs) are suitable for Raman-free generation of entangled sidebands, both in the low-gain regime for the generation of biphoton states and for bright states in the high-gain regime [1] , [2] . The frequency correlations of the bipartite system and its entanglement properties are often described in terms of time-frequency Schmidt (TFS) modes, which can be extracted from the joint spectral amplitude (JSA). It is however experimentally easier to measure the joint spectral intensity (JSI = |JSA| 2 ), which can also yield valuable information about the source [1] . The major difference between twin beam or biphoton generation in a crystal and in a fibre is that in fibre the propagation dynamics of pump, signal and idler play a bigger role due to the much longer path-lengths.
Non-classical correlated twin beams can be generated through the modulational instability in a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre filled with a noble gas. Since the gain is provided by a monatomic gas, the influence of Raman effect, which is typical for fibre-based sources of entangled photons, is avoided. Additionally, the gas pressure together with the frequency chirp of the input pump pulse allow continuous tuning of the number of frequency modes of the twin beams. We combine spectral interferometry and single-shot measurement to retrieve the phase of the noise-driven generated sidebands.
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies.
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies.
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies. We bridge fiber design and nonlinear optics to create a predictive model and practical design charts for application-specific quantum light sources.
We vary the time-frequency mode structure of ultrafast pulse-pumped modulational instability (MI) twin beams in an argon-filled hollow-core kagome-style photonic crystal fiber by adjusting the pressure, pump pulse chirp, fiber length, and parametric gain. Compared to solid-core systems, the pressure-dependent dispersion landscape brings increased flexibility to the tailoring of frequency correlations, and we demonstrate that the pump pulse chirp can be used to tune the joint spectrum of femtosecond-pumped ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ sources. We also characterize the resulting mode content, not only by measuring the multimode second-order correlation function g(2){g}^{(2)}g(2), but also by directly reconstructing the shapes and weights of time-frequency Schmidt (TFS) modes. We show that the number of modes directly influences the shot-to-shot pulse-energy and spectral-shape fluctuations in MI. Using this approach we control and monitor the number of TFS modes within the range from 1.3 to 4 using only a single fiber.