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AIP conference proceedings

Controllable self-Kerr nonlinearity in a doubly dressed five-level atomic conformation

Amanjot Kaur, Zubair Iqbal Dar, Paramjit Kaur

Published Jan 1, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a five-level atomic system interacting with multiple electromagnetic fields. The relevant optical Bloch equations are numerically solved via iterative formalism to procure first- and third-order susceptibilities. Our numerical computations reveal that the switching field’s strength can be used as a knob to get either single or multiple transparency windows. It is also identified that colossal Kerr nonlinearity exists within the optical EIT dips. Furthermore, we found that the position, sign and magnitude of self-Kerr index can be manipulated by merely adjusting the Rabi frequency of switching field. We also resort to double dressed state mechanism in order to justify our numerical results. Our findings are of particular interest in multi-channel communication, quantum computation and designing of optical devices.

DOI
10.1063/5.0060873

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We theoretically investigate the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a five-level atomic system interacting with multiple electromagnetic fields. The relevant optical Bloch equations are numerically solved via iterative formalism to procure first- and third-order susceptibilities. Our numerical computations reveal that the switching field’s strength can be used as a knob to get either single or multiple transparency windows. It is also identified that colossal Kerr nonlinearity exists within the optical EIT dips. Furthermore, we found that the position, sign and magnitude of self-Kerr index can be manipulated by merely adjusting the Rabi frequency of switching field. We also resort to double dressed state mechanism in order to justify our numerical results. Our findings are of particular interest in multi-channel communication, quantum computation and designing of optical devices.
Abstract We propose to utilize a five-level Λ − Ξ system to achieve large self-Kerr nonlinearity under multiphoton resonance conditions. Using a density matrix formulation along with an iterative perturbation technique, analytic expressions of linear and nonlinear susceptibilities are derived for stationary as well as for moving atoms. Variation of first- and third-order susceptibilities with respect to frequency and intensity of switching field is then discussed. The dressed-state picture is employed to explain the amplitude and position of each peak in linear and nonlinear absorption profiles. It is found that under slow light conditions, large controllable Kerr nonlinearity with reduced linear and nonlinear absorption is achieved by properly adjusting the strength and detunings of strong electromagnetic (e.m.) fields. Our numerical results also reveal that the Kerr nonlinear index of our considered system is greater than that of existing three-level Λ and four-level N systems. Finally, it is substantiated that self-Kerr nonlinearity is proliferated by taking the Doppler effect into account.
In this work, we present an analytical method to achieve giant Kerr nonlinearity without absorption in a five-level atomic medium. By using iterative perturbation technique on density matrix equations, we have derived the analytical expressions of nonlinear susceptibility and Kerr nonlinear coefficient in the presence of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and relative phase between applied laser fields. It shows that, this five-level atomic medium exhibits multiple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) at three different frequencies, at the same time, the Kerr nonlinear coefficient is enhanced around three transparent spectral regions; in each such EIT region appears a pair of positive-negative peaks of Kerr nonlinear coefficient. In particular, these nonlinear peaks are moved to the center of the EIT windows via SGC. This means that the Kerr nonlinear coefficient is enhanced with completely suppressed absorption at different transparency frequencies. Furthermore, the magnitude and the sign of the Kerr nonlinear coefficient are easily controlled according to the SGC strength, the coupling laser intensity, and the relative phase between applied laser fields. Such a giant nonlinear medium can be useful for photonic devices working in the resonant frequency region without absorption. As a typical application, this giant Kerr nonlinear material has been applied to an interferometer for the formation of optical bistability, and showed the appearance of OB at the resonant frequency with significantly reduced threshold intensity and OB width.
The paper is aimed at modeling the enhanced Kerr nonlinearity in a five-level double-ladder-type atomic system based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by using the semi-classical density matrix method. We present an analytical model to explain the origin of Kerr nonlinearity enhancement. The scheme also results in a several orders of magnitude increase in the Kerr nonlinearity in comparison with the well-known four- and three-level atomic systems. In addition to the steady-state case, the time-dependent Kerr nonlinearity and the switching feature of EIT-based colossal Kerr nonlinearity is investigated for the proposed system.
Abstract In this article, we present an alternative excitation scheme for the study of optical responses of the probe field in a five-level semiconductor coupled quantum wells (CQWs). It is shown that in the linear case, our study reveals the formation of double and triple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows for the suitable values of Rabi-frequency of the control fields, while the linear dispersion is also tuned from anomalous to normal and vice versa within small range of detuning. Interestingly, we find that by properly adjusting the appropriate values of control field detunings, the behaviour of optical absorption and transparency is found to be asymmetric in nature. In addition, we also found that due to quantum coherence, nonlinear dispersion, specifically Kerr nonlinearity is dramatically enhanced with nearly vanishing linear absorption under EIT. The Kerr nonlinearity in the present scheme is identified to be very large ( ∼10−13 m2 V−2\:\sim{10}^{-13}\:{m}^{2}\:{V}^{-2}∼10−13m2V−2) in the mid IR range ( λ p=4.74  μ m\:{\lambda\:}_{p}=4.74\:\:\mu\:mλp​=4.74μm), which can be very useful for the investigation of several nonlinear phenomena at low light intensity in CQWs. The results of the investigations may have potential applications in optical switching devices at low powers, quantum information processing and many more in solid-state laser based system.
We propose to use a five-level cascade system to enhance self-Kerr nonlinearity under an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) condition. Using density-matrix theory, an expression of the self-Kerr nonlinear coefficient for a weak probe light is derived. Variations of the self-Kerr coefficient with respect to the frequency and intensity of a strong coupling light are investigated. The Kerr nonlinearity is basically modified and enhanced greatly in the spectral regions corresponding to EIT transparent windows. Furthermore, the sign, slope, and magnitude of the self-Kerr coefficient can be controlled with the frequency and intensity of the coupling light. Such a controllable Kerr nonlinearity can find interesting applications in optoelectronic devices working with low light intensity at multiple frequencies.
The absorption properties in an inverted-tripod scheme atomic system driven by the coherent fields are investigated by means of the semiclassical theory.The result obtained by means of numerical method indicates that by adjusting the Rabi frequencies of the coherent fields,there appear triple,double,single electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT).In the triple EIT,the location of transparent windows can be controlled by adjusting the detunings for the coherent fields,and changes continuously,i.e.there exist a series of continuous frequencies for the probe field propagating in an atomic medium without absorption in a certain range.Finally,the explanations of these phenomena are given by using the dressed states.