3-dimensional dynamics of vortices in a bose-einstein condensate of an atomic gas

Narimasa Sasa, Masahiko Machida, Hideki Matsumoto

Jiamei Kong, Rukuan Wu

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the vortices in the homogeneous two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate by considering the condensate density variation. It is shown that the condensate density variation plays an important role when two vortices are close together. By the time-dependent Lagrangian functional method and the numerical simulation, we study how the interaction strength of the vortices varies with the distance between two vortices with the same or different topological charges, and generalize the results for the vortex pairs to the multi-vortex case. The numerical simulations demonstrate the validity of our theory.

Seong-Ho Shinn, Adolfo del Campo

In two spatial dimensions, vortex-vortex interactions approximately vary with the logarithm of the inter-vortex distance, making it possible to describe an ensemble of vortices as a Coulomb gas. We introduce a duality between vortices in a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) scalar Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) and effective Maxwell's electrodynamics. Specifically, we address the general scenario of inhomogeneous, time-dependent BEC number density with dissipation or rotation. Starting from the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE), which describes the mean-field dynamics of a quasi-2D scalar BEC without dissipation, we show how to map vortices in a quasi-2D scalar BEC to 2D electrodynamics beyond the point-vortex approximation, even when dissipation is present or in a rotating system. The physical meaning of this duality is discussed.

Fanghua Lin, Tai‐Chia Lin

Kazuya Fujimoto, Makoto Tsubota

The hydrodynamics of quantized vortices and solitons in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate excited by an oscillating potential are studied by numerically solving the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The oscillating potential keeps nucleating vortex dipoles, whose impulses alternately change their direction synchronously with the oscillation of the potential. This leads to synergy dynamics of vortices and solitons in quantum fluids.

Shuxing Chen, Shing–Tung Yau