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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Systematic design of photonic crystal waveguides for strong coupling with trapped cold atoms

Adrien Bouscal, Alban Urvoy, Jérémy Berroir, Tridib Ray, Malik Kemiche, Sukanya Mahapatra, Fabrice Raineri, Juan Ariel Levenson, Kamel Bencheikh, Christophe Sauvan, Jean‐Jacques Greffet, Julien Laurat

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a proposal for trapping Rubidium cold atoms near a novel design of a GaInP photonic crystal waveguide with characteristics optimized through systematic and inverse design. Purcell factors higher than unity are predicted.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.fth1p.4

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Interfacing cold neutral atoms and photons guided in nanoscale waveguides has raised a large interest over the recent years, with a wealth of emerging opportunities. Arrays of atoms can be trapped in the evanescent field of guided modes and the strong transverse confinement enables to increase the individual atom-photon coupling in single pass. Remarkable experimental advances have been obtained with optical nanofibers [1], but photonic crystals waveguides (PCW) are very promising as they allow for precise dispersion engineering. Despite these promises, trapping atoms in the vicinity of such PCWs is still at its infancy.
Coupling quantum emitters and nanostructures, in particular cold atoms and optical waveguides, has recently raised a large interest due to unprecedented possibilities of engineering light-matter interactions. In this work, we propose a new type of periodic dielectric waveguide that provides strong interactions between atoms and guided photons with an unusual dispersion. We design an asymmetric comb waveguide that supports a slow mode with a quartic (instead of quadratic) dispersion and an electric field that extends far into the air cladding for an optimal interaction with atoms. We compute the optical trapping potential formed with two guided modes at frequencies detuned from the atomic transition. We show that cold Rubidium atoms can be trapped as close as 100 nm from the structure in a 1.3-mK-deep potential well. For atoms trapped at this position, the emission into guided photons is largely favored, with a beta factor as high as 0.88 and a radiative decay rate into the slow mode 10 times larger than the free-space decay rate. These figures of merit are obtained at a moderately low group velocity of c/50.
Coupling quantum emitters and nanostructures, in particular cold atoms and waveguides, has recently raised a large interest due to unprecedented possibilities of engineering light-matter interactions. However, the implementation of these promising concepts has been hampered by various theoretical and experimental issues. In this work, we propose a new type of periodic dielectric waveguide that provides strong interactions between atoms and guided photons with an unusual dispersion. We design an asymmetric comb waveguide that supports a slow mode with a quartic (instead of quadratic) dispersion and an electric field that extends far into the air cladding for an optimal interaction with atoms. We compute the optical trapping potential formed with two guided modes at frequencies detuned from the atomic transition. We show that cold Rubidium atoms can be trapped as close as 100 nm from the structure in a 1.3-mK-deep potential well. For atoms trapped at this position, the emission into guided photons is largely favored, with a beta factor as high as 0.88 and a radiative decay rate into the slow mode 10 times larger than the free-space decay rate.