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Quantitative wave-particle duality

Tabish Qureshi

The complementary wave and particle character of quantum objects (or quantons) was pointed out by Niels Bohr. This wave-particle duality, in the context of the two-slit experiment, is here described not just as two extreme cases of wave and particle characteristics, but in terms of quantitative measures of these characteristics, known to follow a duality relation. A very simple and intuitive derivation of a closely related duality relation is presented, which should be understandable to the introductory student.The complementary wave and particle character of quantum objects (or quantons) was pointed out by Niels Bohr. This wave-particle duality, in the context of the two-slit experiment, is here described not just as two extreme cases of wave and particle characteristics, but in terms of quantitative measures of these characteristics, known to follow a duality relation. A very simple and intuitive derivation of a closely related duality relation is presented, which should be understandable to the introductory student.

arXiv:1501.02195American Journal of PhysicsJun 22, 20167 citations

Critique of Quantum Optical Experimental Refutations of Bohr’s Principle of Complementarity, of the Wootters–Zurek Principle of Complementarity, and of the Particle–Wave Duality Relation

P. N. Kaloyerou

arXiv:1408.4061Foundations of PhysicsNov 17, 201510 citations

Complementarity quantified and quantum erasers revisited

Peter D. D. Schwindt, Paul G. Kwiat, Andrew G. White

Summary form only given.The principle of complementarity, which describes the wave-particle duality of quanta, is one of the cornerstones of modern quantum theory. However, only recently has it been described quantitatively. Experimental verifications have been even rarer. Here we describe an experiment in which the quantified principle of complementarity is demonstrated for a variety of input quantum states, including mixed states.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-OpticsNov 27, 20020 citations

Paradox or non-paradox in wave-particle duality

Aurélien Drezet

We analyze the experiment recently realized by S. Afshar et al. [1] in order to refute the principle of complementarity. We discuss the general meaning of this principle and show that contrarily to the claim of the authors Bohr's complementarity is not in danger in this experiment.

arXiv:1008.4261Aug 25, 20100 citations

An updated quantum complementarity principle

Diego S. Starke, Marcos L. W. Basso, Jonas Maziero

Bohr’s complementarity principle has long been a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, positing that, within a given experimental set-up, a quantum system (or quanton) can exhibit either its wave-like character, denoted as W , or its particle-like character, denoted as P , but not both simultaneously. Modern interpretations of Bohr’s complementarity principle acknowledge the coexistence of these aspects in the same experiment while introducing the constraint W + P ≤ α . Notably, estimations of W or P frequently rely on indirect retrodiction methods, a practice that has led to the claim of the violation of Bohr’s complementarity principle. By taking a different route, recent advancements demonstrate that quantum complementarity relations can be rigorously derived from the axioms of quantum mechanics. To reconcile these observations and eliminate potential paradoxes or violations, we propose an updated formulation for the quantum complementarity principle, which is stated as follows: For a given quantum state preparation ρ t at a specific instant of time t , the wave and particle behaviours of a quanton are constrained by a complementarity relation 𝔚 ( ρ t ) + 𝔓 ( ρ t ) ≤ α ( d ) , which is derived directly from the axioms of quantum mechanics.Bohr’s complementarity principle has long been a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, positing that, within a given experimental set-up, a quantum system (or quanton) can exhibit either its wave-like character, denoted as W , or its particle-like character, denoted as P , but not both simultaneously. Modern interpretations of Bohr’s complementarity principle acknowledge the coexistence of these aspects in the same experiment while introducing the constraint W + P ≤ α . Notably, estimations of W or P frequently rely on indirect retrodiction methods, a practice that has led to the claim of the violation of Bohr’s complementarity principle. By taking a different route, recent advancements demonstrate that quantum complementarity relations can be rigorously derived from the axioms of quantum mechanics. To reconcile these observations and eliminate potential paradoxes or violations, we propose an updated formulation for the quantum complementarity principle, which is stated as follows: For a given quantum state preparation ρ t at a specific instant of time t , the wave and particle behaviours of a quanton are constrained by a complementarity relation 𝔚 ( ρ t ) + 𝔓 ( ρ t ) ≤ α ( d ) , which is derived directly from the axioms of quantum mechanics.

arXiv:2312.02743Proceedings of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering SciencesNov 1, 20247 citations

Wave particle duality for a single photon: Bohr's complementarity brought the light

Alain Aspect

Oct 2, 20130 citations

Quantitative complementarity of wave-particle duality

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Quantitative complementarity of wave-particle duality

Abstract

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