Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Complementarity quantified and quantum erasers revisited

Peter D. D. Schwindt, Paul G. Kwiat, Andrew G. White

Published Nov 27, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given.The principle of complementarity, which describes the wave-particle duality of quanta, is one of the cornerstones of modern quantum theory. However, only recently has it been described quantitatively. Experimental verifications have been even rarer. Here we describe an experiment in which the quantified principle of complementarity is demonstrated for a variety of input quantum states, including mixed states.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.1998.680283

Related papers

Quantitative wave-particle duality and nonerasing quantum erasure

Peter D. D. Schwindt, Paul G. Kwiat, Berthold‐Georg Englert

The notion of wave-particle duality may be quantified by the inequality ${V}^{2}{+K}^{2}<~1,$ relating interference fringe visibility V, and path knowledge K. With a single-photon interferometer in which polarization is used to label the paths, we have investigated the relation for various situations, including pure, mixed, and partially mixed input states. A quantum-eraser scheme has been realized that recovers interference fringes even when no which way information is available to erase.

arXiv:quant-ph/9908072•Physical Review A•Dec 1, 1999•160 citations

On delayed choice and quantum erasure in two-slit experiment for testing complementarity

Guang-Liang Li

The principle of complementarity is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. The aim of this study was to advance our understanding of complementarity by analyzing the role of delayed choice and quantum erasers in two-slit experiments, and by proposing experiments for verifying the analysis. The analysis is based on models consisting of measurable spaces and probability measures involved in the experiments. The main findings are as follows: (a) The complementarity principle manifests itself in such a way that wave and particle behaviors cannot be simultaneously observed almost surely with respect to any single, fixed measure. (b) Described by different measures, complementary properties can coexist in the same experimental setup. (c) Which-way information will not preclude or erase interference fringes. (d) Delayed choice and quantum erasers are irrelevant to testing complementarity. (e) It is possible for us to know through which slit each quantum object passed almost surely with respect to the measure corresponding to the slit while the interference pattern is intact. Based on the experiments analyzed, realizable experiments are proposed for verifying the above results.

Journal of Physics Communications•Sep 13, 2021•3 citations

Experimental tests of the density matrix's property-based complementarity relations

Mauro Buemo Pozzobom, Marcos L. W. Basso, Jonas Maziero

Bohr's complementarity principle is of fundamental historic and conceptual importance for quantum mechanics (QM), and states that, with a given experimental apparatus configuration, one can observe either the wave-like or the particle-like character of a quantum system, but not both. However, it was eventually realized that these dual behaviors can both manifest partially in the same experimental setup, and, using ad hoc proposed measures for the wave and particle aspects of the quanton, complementarity relations were proposed limiting how strong these manifestations can be. Recently, a formalism was developed and quantifiers for the particleness and waveness of a quantum system were derived from the mathematical structure of QM entailed in the density matrix's basic properties ($\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\ge}0, \mathrm{Tr}\ensuremath{\rho}=1$). In this article, using IBM Quantum Experience quantum computers, we perform experimental tests of these complementarity relations applied to a particular class of one-qubit quantum states and also for random quantum states of one, two, and three qubits.

arXiv:2011.00723•Physical Review A•Feb 16, 2021•10 citations

Quantum Erasure: Quantum Interference Revisited

Stephen Patrick Walborn, Marcelo Terra Cunha, Sebastião Pádua +1 more

Recent experiments in quantum optics have shed light on the foundations of quantum physics. Quantum erasers - modified quantum interference experiments - show that quantum entanglement is responsible for the complementarity principle.

arXiv:quant-ph/0503073•Mar 7, 2005•0 citations

Quantum eraser from duality-entanglement perspective

Yusef Maleki, Jiru Liu, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Wave-particle duality is a bizarre feature at the heart of quantum mechanics which refers to the mutually exclusive dual attributes of quantum objects as the wave and the particle. Quantum eraser presents a counterintuitive aspect of the wave-particle duality. In this paper, we show that quantum eraser can be quantitatively understood in terms of the recently developed duality-entanglement relation. In other words, we show that wave-particle-entanglement triality captures all the physics of the quantum erasure. We find that a controllable partial erasure of the which-path information is attainable, enabling the partial recovery of the quantum interference and extending the scope of the conventional quantum eraser protocols.

arXiv:2110.12346•Physical Review A•Oct 8, 2021•5 citations

Quantitative complementarity of wave-particle duality

Tai Hyun Yoon, Minhaeng Cho

between the quantons and the remaining degrees of freedom by the relation [Formula: see text], which is experimentally confirmed. We further prove that the experimental scheme using two stimulated parametric downconversion processes is an ideal tool for investigating and understanding wave-particle duality and Bohr's complementarity quantitatively.

Science Advances•Aug 18, 2021•42 citations
Summary form only given.The principle of complementarity, which describes the wave-particle duality of quanta, is one of the cornerstones of modern quantum theory. However, only recently has it been described quantitatively. Experimental verifications have been even rarer. Here we describe an experiment in which the quantified principle of complementarity is demonstrated for a variety of input quantum states, including mixed states.
The notion of wave-particle duality may be quantified by the inequality V2+K2< 1,{V}^{2}{+K}^{2}<~1,V2+K2< 1, relating interference fringe visibility V, and path knowledge K. With a single-photon interferometer in which polarization is used to label the paths, we have investigated the relation for various situations, including pure, mixed, and partially mixed input states. A quantum-eraser scheme has been realized that recovers interference fringes even when no which way information is available to erase.
The principle of complementarity is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. The aim of this study was to advance our understanding of complementarity by analyzing the role of delayed choice and quantum erasers in two-slit experiments, and by proposing experiments for verifying the analysis. The analysis is based on models consisting of measurable spaces and probability measures involved in the experiments. The main findings are as follows: (a) The complementarity principle manifests itself in such a way that wave and particle behaviors cannot be simultaneously observed almost surely with respect to any single, fixed measure. (b) Described by different measures, complementary properties can coexist in the same experimental setup. (c) Which-way information will not preclude or erase interference fringes. (d) Delayed choice and quantum erasers are irrelevant to testing complementarity. (e) It is possible for us to know through which slit each quantum object passed almost surely with respect to the measure corresponding to the slit while the interference pattern is intact. Based on the experiments analyzed, realizable experiments are proposed for verifying the above results.
Bohr's complementarity principle is of fundamental historic and conceptual importance for quantum mechanics (QM), and states that, with a given experimental apparatus configuration, one can observe either the wave-like or the particle-like character of a quantum system, but not both. However, it was eventually realized that these dual behaviors can both manifest partially in the same experimental setup, and, using ad hoc proposed measures for the wave and particle aspects of the quanton, complementarity relations were proposed limiting how strong these manifestations can be. Recently, a formalism was developed and quantifiers for the particleness and waveness of a quantum system were derived from the mathematical structure of QM entailed in the density matrix's basic properties ($\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\ge}0, \mathrm{Tr}\ensuremath{\rho}=1$). In this article, using IBM Quantum Experience quantum computers, we perform experimental tests of these complementarity relations applied to a particular class of one-qubit quantum states and also for random quantum states of one, two, and three qubits.
Wave-particle duality is a bizarre feature at the heart of quantum mechanics which refers to the mutually exclusive dual attributes of quantum objects as the wave and the particle. Quantum eraser presents a counterintuitive aspect of the wave-particle duality. In this paper, we show that quantum eraser can be quantitatively understood in terms of the recently developed duality-entanglement relation. In other words, we show that wave-particle-entanglement triality captures all the physics of the quantum erasure. We find that a controllable partial erasure of the which-path information is attainable, enabling the partial recovery of the quantum interference and extending the scope of the conventional quantum eraser protocols.