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Physical Review A

Chiral-dissipation-assisted generation of entanglement and asymmetric Gaussian steering in a driven cascaded quantum network

Benyuan Zhou, Yang Liu, Huatang Tan, Gao‐xiang Li

Published Aug 2, 2021• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the dissipative dynamics and the formation of entangled states in a driven cascaded quantum network, where a cascaded double-cavity optomechanical system is coupled to a common unidirectional optical fiber. In terms of two coherent laser fields simultaneously driving the chiral coupling system, the entanglement can be effectively transferred from the light to two nanomechanical resonators (NMRs) through cavity modes based on the completely destructive interference of quantum noise. By adjusting the relative strength ratio of red- and blue-detuned pump lasers, it is found that the two NMRs can be driven into a mixed two-mode Gaussian entangled mechanical state rather than a non-Gaussian entangled dark state or a pure entangled dark state. If the frequency of the NMR is tuned to be much larger than the chiral coupled-cavity-chain damping rate, it is demonstrated that the chiral dissipative cascaded system can always realize one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering from one mechanical oscillator to the other, while the reverse one-way EPR steering is impossible to obtain, and the reason for achieving asymmetric Gaussian steering is analyzed. Furthermore, a simple one-way EPR steering criterion based on two-photon correlation can be achieved for an arbitrary bipartite Gaussian state under the standard form of EPR steering, and the effect of mechanical thermal noise on the steering is also discussed. Moreover, the present chiral system can be realized with currently available experimental technology; therefore, we hope that it can be very helpful for potential applications in quantum computation and quantum communication.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.104.022402

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We study the dissipative dynamics and the formation of entangled states in a driven cascaded quantum network, where a cascaded double-cavity optomechanical system is coupled to a common unidirectional optical fiber. In terms of two coherent laser fields simultaneously driving the chiral coupling system, the entanglement can be effectively transferred from the light to two nanomechanical resonators (NMRs) through cavity modes based on the completely destructive interference of quantum noise. By adjusting the relative strength ratio of red- and blue-detuned pump lasers, it is found that the two NMRs can be driven into a mixed two-mode Gaussian entangled mechanical state rather than a non-Gaussian entangled dark state or a pure entangled dark state. If the frequency of the NMR is tuned to be much larger than the chiral coupled-cavity-chain damping rate, it is demonstrated that the chiral dissipative cascaded system can always realize one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering from one mechanical oscillator to the other, while the reverse one-way EPR steering is impossible to obtain, and the reason for achieving asymmetric Gaussian steering is analyzed. Furthermore, a simple one-way EPR steering criterion based on two-photon correlation can be achieved for an arbitrary bipartite Gaussian state under the standard form of EPR steering, and the effect of mechanical thermal noise on the steering is also discussed. Moreover, the present chiral system can be realized with currently available experimental technology; therefore, we hope that it can be very helpful for potential applications in quantum computation and quantum communication.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering manifests a type of quantum correlations intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. In this paper we propose a scheme for realizing hybrid atom-mechanical quantum steering in the steady-state regime. In our scheme, an optomechanical two-mode cavity is coupled to a distant ensemble of double-$\ensuremath{\lambda}$ atoms in a cascade way, which induces the dissipative interaction between the mechanics and the internal atomic states. We show that strong cavity dissipation can lead to two-way atom-mechanical steering and the optimal steering exhibited in an approximate two-mode squeezed-vacuum atom-mechanical state. Moreover, we find that for the present cascade coupling scheme, the one-way steering from the mechanical oscillator to the atoms is achievable under certain conditions, while the reverse one-way steering is impossible to obtain. The reason for achieving the asymmetric steering is analyzed and the effect of mechanical thermal noise on the steering is also studied.
We propose a scheme for generation of the stationary continuous-variable entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering between an optical cavity mode and a nanomechanical resonator (NMR) mode. The cavity and the NMR are commonly coupled with two separated quantum dots (QDs), where the two QDs are driven simultaneously by a strong laser field. By adjusting the frequency of the strong laser field, the two QDs are nearly trapped on different dressed states, which is helpful to generate the entanglement between the cavity mode and the NMR mode. Due to the combined resonant interaction of the two QDs with the NMR-cavity subsystem, the photon and the phonon created and (or) annihilated are correlated. In this regime, the optimal entanglement of the two modes is obtained and the purity of the state of the NMR-cavity subsystem is near to 1. Furthermore, the coupling strength between the cavity and two QDs is different from the dot-NMR coupling strength, which leads to the different mean occupation numbers of the cavity and the NMR. In this case, one-way EPR steering is observed. In addition, through analyzing the purity, we find the conditions of the existence for the different types of EPR steering.
We consider a three-mode optomechanical system in which two mechanical oscillators are independently coupled to a cavity mode driven by two controllable lasers. By controlling the two-tone driving, one can prepare the entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering of two mechanical modes, in which the cavity mode acts as a single reservoir to cool two Bogoliubov modes. We find that the direction of EPR steering can be manipulated effectively by adjusting the damping rates and the thermal noises of two mechanical modes. In addition, we show that the entanglement and EPR steering between two mechanical modes can be enhanced by adding a parametric amplifier (PA) into the cavity. The effects of the strength and phase of the PA on the mechanical entanglement and EPR steering are analyzed and discussed in detail. Meanwhile, the additional PA can also expand the region of the one-way steering and strengthen the robustness of the entanglement and EPR steering against the thermal noise. The present scheme may provide effective resources for quantum information processing.
We study the dissipative dynamics and the formation of entangled states in driven cascaded quantum networks, where multiple systems are coupled to a common unidirectional bath. Specifically, we identify the conditions under which emission and coherent reabsorption of radiation drives the whole network into a pure stationary state with non-trivial quantum correlations between the individual nodes. We illustrate this effect in more detail for the example of cascaded two-level systems, where we present an explicit preparation scheme that allows one to tune the whole network through 'bright' and 'dark' states associated with different multi-partite entanglement patterns. In a complementary setting consisting of cascaded nonlinear cavities, we find that two cavity modes can be driven into a non-Gaussian entangled dark state. Potential realizations of such cascaded networks with optical and microwave photons are discussed.
Abstract We introduce a novel scheme for achieving quantum entanglement and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering between an atomic ensemble and a mechanical oscillator within a hybrid atom–optomechanical system. The system comprises an optical cavity, a two-level atomic ensemble and a mechanical resonator that possesses Duffing nonlinearity. The interaction between these components is mediated by the cavity mode, which is driven by an external laser. Our findings indicate that optimizing the coupling strengths between photons and phonons, as well as between atoms and the cavity, leads to maximal entanglement and EPR steering. The amplitude of the driving laser plays a pivotal role in enhancing the coupling between photons and phonons, and the system maintains robust entanglement and EPR steering even under high dissipation, thereby mitigating the constraints on initial conditions and parameter precision. Remarkably, the Duffing nonlinearity enhances the system’s resistance to thermal noise, ensuring its stability and entanglement protection. Our analysis of EPR steering conditions reveals that the party with lower dissipation exhibits superior stability and a propensity to steer the party with higher dissipation. These discoveries offer novel perspectives for advancing quantum information processing and communication technologies.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlation and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two electromagnetic fields mediated by a mechanical oscillator. We reveal that the steady-state one-way steering of the intracavity and output fields is obtainable with different cavity losses or strong mechanical damping. The conditions for achieving this asymmetric steering are found, and it shows that the steering is robust against thermal mechanical fluctuations. The present scheme can realize hybrid microwave-optical asymmetric steering by optoelectromechanics. In addition, our results are generic and can also be applied to other three-mode parametrically coupled bosonic systems.