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IEEE photonics journal

High-Precise Measurement of Optical Rotatory Dispersion Based on Weak Value Amplification

Jingyi Shao, Lan E Luo, Yu He, Jiacheng You, Yurong Liu, Yuyuan Wang, Zhiyou Zhang

Published Jul 7, 2021• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Chiroptical signals (generally very weak) play significant roles in chiral discrimination that bring great benefits in biochemistry, pharmacy, chemical, and so on. But, high-precise chiroptical detection is still a challenge. In this paper, a high-precise measurement of optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) based on weak value amplification (WVA) is presented. We proposed ORD detection method with parameter separation: by introducing complex coupling strength and dimensionless parameter “intensitiy contrast ratio” pointer, the ORD is only associated with the imaginary part of the weak value while circular dichroism (CD) is only associated with the real part. By designing a suitable WVA scheme, the ORD and CD can be measured separately. In the experiment, the reliability of the parameter separation method for ORD measurement is verified, and the precision reach the order of $10^{-6}$ rad. This method has a broad application prospect in biomedical sensing, medicine, chemical analysis and other fields.

DOI
10.1109/jphot.2021.3094588

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Chiroptical signals (generally very weak) play significant roles in chiral discrimination that bring great benefits in biochemistry, pharmacy, chemical, and so on. But, high-precise chiroptical detection is still a challenge. In this paper, a high-precise measurement of optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) based on weak value amplification (WVA) is presented. We proposed ORD detection method with parameter separation: by introducing complex coupling strength and dimensionless parameter “intensitiy contrast ratio” pointer, the ORD is only associated with the imaginary part of the weak value while circular dichroism (CD) is only associated with the real part. By designing a suitable WVA scheme, the ORD and CD can be measured separately. In the experiment, the reliability of the parameter separation method for ORD measurement is verified, and the precision reach the order of 10−610^{-6}10−6 rad. This method has a broad application prospect in biomedical sensing, medicine, chemical analysis and other fields.
Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum and optical rotation (OR) spectrum, crucial for understanding molecular properties and configurations, present challenges due to limited testing methods and equipment accuracy in the ultraviolet (UV) region. This study proposes a weak measurement system for chiral signals in varying concentrations in the ultraviolet range, optimized using a deep neural network (DNN) model. Introducing different post-selections to detect the circular dichroism spectrum and optical rotation spectrum separately, with contrast as a probe, it achieves a detection resolution of up to 10 −6 rad. Moreover, the fitted value of the training data can reach 0.9989, enhancing the prediction accuracy of chiral molecule concentrations. This method exhibits considerable promise for applications in chiral measurement and sensor technologies.
We propose a scheme for an ultrasensitive weak measurement system with an ultrasmall rotatory dispersion effect to measure angular rotation. Estimation of angular rotation is obtained by the shift of the center wavelength. In our scheme, we obtain a continuously adjustable coupling strength and show that our system provides a 13 times higher sensitivity of 38 840 nm/rad compared with previous work. Here we demonstrate that our scheme may offer an optimal weak value Aw{A}_{w}Aw​ in practice and outperforms conventional measurements in the presence of technical noise. The precision achieved by optimized weak value amplification (WVA) is about three times higher than that of a polarimeter. Our work extends the working regime of WVA. Its simplicity and robustness clear the way for widespread use of WVA involving measurements with commercial cameras and small signals.
Entangled photons can encode more information than classical light, enabling quantum-enhanced optical measurements. We formulate optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) spectroscopy as a quantum metrology phase-estimation problem using photons entangled in their orbital angular momentum (OAM). While polarization-entangled photons have previously been shown to improve the precision of ORD measurements, we extend this approach by exploiting the higher-dimensional entanglement available through photon OAM. We show how the optical activity of a medium can be imprinted on the interference patterns of OAM-entangled photons measured by coincidence detection. The attainable precision of this setup, quantified by the Fisher information, exceeds that of the classical detection scheme. Our analysis shows that the metrological performance is controlled by the symmetry of the entangled state, the OAM index through the Gouy phase accumulated in the detection geometry, and the pixel resolution of the detectors. Beyond chiroptical spectroscopy, our results provide a general strategy for the broader task of phase estimation with entangled structured light.
A multi-channel high-throughput chiral molecule determination method based on weak value amplification (WVA) is proposed for the first time. This method can be used for high-throughput and high-precision determination of chiral molecule. Through the design of multi-channel weak measurement system, we realized the real-time, high-throughput, high-sensitivity and high-resolution detection of chiral molecules by selecting proper measurement states. In this work, we have realized a sensitivity of 11.8 nm/° and a resolution of 3.13 × 10-4° for measuring optical rotation. Moreover, the proposed method is successfully applied for detection of lactose content in milk samples. Furthermore, the system has the advantages of simple and robust real-time detection settings, strong stability, high measurement efficiency and good scalability. This method has important significance in clinical diagnosis, food safety and biological system.
Experiments based on a free-space platform have demonstrated that the weak-value amplification (WVA) technique can provide high sensitivity and precision for optical sensing and metrology. To promote this technique for real-world applications, it is more suitable to implement WVA based on an optical-fiber platform due to the lower cost, smaller scale, and higher stability. In contrast to the free-space platform, the birefringence in optical fiber is strong enough to cause polarization cross talk, and the amplitude-type noise must be taken into account. By theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration, we show that the optic-fiber-based WVA is robust in the presence of amplitude-type noise. In our experiment, even the angular misalignment on optical axes at the interface reaches 0.08 rad, and the sensitivity loss can be maintained at less than 3 dB. Moreover, the main results are valid to a simplified detection scheme that was recently proposed that is more compatible with the future design of optical-fiber-based WVA. Our results indicate the feasibility of implementing WVA based on optical fiber, which provides a possible way for designing optical sensors with higher sensitivity and stability in the future.
In this paper, a high precision detection method of copper ion (Cu2+) concentration based on weak measurement is proposed. The ternary complex formed by Cu2+ with L-tryptophan and phenanthroline reagents has circular dichroism (CD) signal at 605 nm in visible light. The CD signal can be obtained using the intensity contrast as a pointer in the imaginary weak-value amplification scheme. The measured sensitivity and resolution are 0.3417 mradl/mg and 0.058 mg/l, respectively, which is improved by an order of magnitude compared to the traditional CD measurement method. It is also more accurate and less costly than commonly used Cu2+ detection methods. The Cu2+ concentration detection based on the weak measurement of CD signal detection proposed in this paper not only brings technological breakthroughs in the field of heavy metal ion detection, but also is of great significance in promoting the cross-development of chemistry, biomedicine, and life sciences.