Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Observation of Microwave Shielding of Ultracold Molecules

Sean Burchesky, Loïc Anderegg, Yicheng Bao, Scarlett S. Yu, Tijs Karman, Eunmi Chae, Kang-Kuen Ni, Wolfgang Ketterle, John M. Doyle

Published Jun 1, 2021• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Related papers

Microwave shielding of ultracold dipolar molecules

Goulven Quéméner

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•May 30, 2018•0 citations

Effect of optical lattice and microwave fields on the formation and confinement of ultracold molecules

Svetlana Kotochigova, Eite Tiesinga

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•May 18, 2006•0 citations

Observation of microwave shielding of ultracold molecules

Loïc Anderegg, Sean Burchesky, Yicheng Bao +6 more

Harnessing the potential wide-ranging quantum science applications of molecules will require control of their interactions. Here, we used microwave radiation to directly engineer and tune the interaction potentials between ultracold calcium monofluoride (CaF) molecules. By merging two optical tweezers, each containing a single molecule, we probed collisions in three dimensions. The correct combination of microwave frequency and power created an effective repulsive shield, which suppressed the inelastic loss rate by a factor of six, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The demonstrated microwave shielding shows a general route to the creation of long-lived, dense samples of ultracold polar molecules and evaporative cooling.

arXiv:2102.04365•Science•Aug 12, 2021•10 citations

Two- and many-body physics of ultracold molecules dressed by dual microwave fields

Fulin Deng, Xinyuan Hu, Wei-Jian Jin +2 more

We investigate the two- and many-body physics of ultracold polar molecules dressed by dual microwaves with distinct polarizations. Using Floquet theory and multichannel scattering calculations, we identify a regime with the largest elastic-to-inelastic scattering ratio, which is favorable for performing evaporative cooling. Furthermore, we derive and subsequently validate an effective interaction potential that accurately captures the dynamics of microwave-shielded polar molecules (MSPMs). We also explore the ground-state properties of the ultracold gases of MSPMs by computing physical quantities such as gas density, condensate fraction, momentum distribution, and second-order correlation. It is shown that the system supports a weakly correlated expanding gas state and a strongly correlated self-bound gas state. Since the dual-microwave scheme introduces an additional control knob and is essential for creating ultracold Bose gases of polar molecules, our work pave the way for studying the two- and many-body physics of the ultracold polar molecules dressed by dual microwaves. The authors report on a Floquet-theoretical approach to microwave shielding of bosonic ultracold molecules. This clarifies the underlying mechanism behind recently developed dual-microwave schemes and identifies the optimal parameter regime for evaporation.

arXiv:2501.05210•Nature Communications•Dec 13, 2025•9 citations

Microwave Spectroscopy of Ultracold Molecular Plasma

Fernanda B. V. Martins, James S. Keller

•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations

Effective anisotropic interaction potentials for pairs of ultracold molecules shielded by a static electric field

Bijit Mukherjee, Luis Santos, Jeremy M. Hutson

Abstract Quantum gases of ultracold polar molecules have novel properties because of the strong dipolar forces between molecules. Current experiments shield the molecules from destructive collisions by engineering long-range repulsive interactions using microwave or static electric fields. These shielding methods produce interaction potentials with large repulsive cores that are not well described with contact potentials. In this paper we explore the anisotropic interaction potentials that arise for pairs of polar molecules shielded with static electric fields. We derive computationally inexpensive approximations for the potentials that are suitable for use in calculations of many-body properties. The interaction potentials for molecules shielded with static fields are substantially different from those that arise from microwave shielding and will produce quite different many-body physics.

arXiv:2507.03164•New Journal of Physics•Sep 1, 2025•4 citations
Harnessing the potential wide-ranging quantum science applications of molecules will require control of their interactions. Here, we used microwave radiation to directly engineer and tune the interaction potentials between ultracold calcium monofluoride (CaF) molecules. By merging two optical tweezers, each containing a single molecule, we probed collisions in three dimensions. The correct combination of microwave frequency and power created an effective repulsive shield, which suppressed the inelastic loss rate by a factor of six, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The demonstrated microwave shielding shows a general route to the creation of long-lived, dense samples of ultracold polar molecules and evaporative cooling.
We investigate the two- and many-body physics of ultracold polar molecules dressed by dual microwaves with distinct polarizations. Using Floquet theory and multichannel scattering calculations, we identify a regime with the largest elastic-to-inelastic scattering ratio, which is favorable for performing evaporative cooling. Furthermore, we derive and subsequently validate an effective interaction potential that accurately captures the dynamics of microwave-shielded polar molecules (MSPMs). We also explore the ground-state properties of the ultracold gases of MSPMs by computing physical quantities such as gas density, condensate fraction, momentum distribution, and second-order correlation. It is shown that the system supports a weakly correlated expanding gas state and a strongly correlated self-bound gas state. Since the dual-microwave scheme introduces an additional control knob and is essential for creating ultracold Bose gases of polar molecules, our work pave the way for studying the two- and many-body physics of the ultracold polar molecules dressed by dual microwaves. The authors report on a Floquet-theoretical approach to microwave shielding of bosonic ultracold molecules. This clarifies the underlying mechanism behind recently developed dual-microwave schemes and identifies the optimal parameter regime for evaporation.
Abstract Quantum gases of ultracold polar molecules have novel properties because of the strong dipolar forces between molecules. Current experiments shield the molecules from destructive collisions by engineering long-range repulsive interactions using microwave or static electric fields. These shielding methods produce interaction potentials with large repulsive cores that are not well described with contact potentials. In this paper we explore the anisotropic interaction potentials that arise for pairs of polar molecules shielded with static electric fields. We derive computationally inexpensive approximations for the potentials that are suitable for use in calculations of many-body properties. The interaction potentials for molecules shielded with static fields are substantially different from those that arise from microwave shielding and will produce quite different many-body physics.