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Optics and Spectroscopy

Unambiguous Discrimination between Coherent States of the Two-Mode Optical Field

M. M. Eskandari, D. B. Horoshko, S. Ya. Kilin

Published Aug 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The procedure of quantum measurement—unambiguous discrimination—of four two-mode coherent states of the optical field which are of interest for information transmission by the optical communication channel is studied. It is shown that complex conjugation of the amplitude of one of the modes leads to better discriminability between the states. An interferometric scheme for unambiguous discrimination between such states is proposed and the probability of successful discrimination is found. Applications of the considered set of states in quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and optical communication with a high level of losses are discussed.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x20080111

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The procedure of quantum measurement—unambiguous discrimination—of four two-mode coherent states of the optical field which are of interest for information transmission by the optical communication channel is studied. It is shown that complex conjugation of the amplitude of one of the modes leads to better discriminability between the states. An interferometric scheme for unambiguous discrimination between such states is proposed and the probability of successful discrimination is found. Applications of the considered set of states in quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and optical communication with a high level of losses are discussed.
The procedure of a quantum measurement, the unambiguous state discrimination, is studied for the case of four two-mode coherent states of the optical field, interesting for information transmission via an optical communication channel. It is shown that a complex conjugation of the amplitude of one of the modes results in a better distinguishability of the states. An interferometric scheme is suggested for unambiguous discrimination of such states and the probability of successful discrimination is found. Applications of the considered state set are discussed for quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation and optical communications with a high level of loss.
Considering quantum detection, there are two different ways to make a measurement on signals set. One is minimum error discrimination and another is unambiguous states discrimination. In this work, we study the unambiguous state discrimination of coherent states. The quantum measurement model investigated is based on binary signals. All necessary positive-operator valued measurements are established to implement the quantum measurements in non-ambiguity way. The conclusive probability and inconclusive probability for the unambiguous discrimination of both on-off keying and binary-phase-shifting keying modulations are derived rigorously to show the measurement performance of proposed detection method theoretically.
Coherent states of the quantum electromagnetic field, the quantum description of ideal laser light, are a prime candidate as information carriers for optical communications. A large body of literature exists on quantum-limited parameter estimation and discrimination for coherent states. However, very little is known about practical realizations of receivers for unambiguous state discrimination (USD) of coherent states. Here we fill this gap and establish a theory of unambiguous discrimination of coherent states, with receivers that are allowed to employ: passive multimode linear optics, phase-space displacements, un-excited auxiliary input modes, and on-off photon detection. Our results indicate that these currently-available optical components are near optimal for unambiguous discrimination of multiple coherent states in a constellation.
Considering quantum detection, there are two different ways to make a measurement on signals set. One is minimum error discrimination and another is unambiguous states discrimination. In this work, we study the unambiguous state discrimination of coherent states. The quantum measurement model investigated is based on binary signals. All necessary positive-operator valued measurements are established to implement the quantum measurements in non-ambiguity way. The conclusive probability and inconclusive probability for the unambiguous discrimination of both on-off keying and binary-phase-shifting keying modulations are derived rigorously to show the measurement performance of proposed detection method theoretically.
Coherent states of the quantum electromagnetic field, the quantum description of ideal laser light, are prime candidates as information carriers for optical communications. A large body of literature exists on their quantum-limited estimation and discrimination. However, very little is known about the practical realizations of receivers for unambiguous state discrimination (USD) of coherent states. Here we fill this gap and outline a theory of USD with receivers that are allowed to employ: passive multimode linear optics, phase-space displacements, auxiliary vacuum modes, and on-off photon detection. Our results indicate that, in some regimes, these currently-available optical components are typically sufficient to achieve near-optimal unambiguous discrimination of multiple, multimode coherent states.
Abstract Quantum cryptography uses non-orthogonal quantum states, and the eavesdropper cannot extract full information without being detected. Nevertheless, losses in fiber channels allow for additional eavesdropping strategies based on postselective measurements. Here, we study the strategy based on unambiguous discrimination between mixed quantum states, and its partial version with higher success probability. We find information available to the eavesdropper for two protocols of quantum key distribution, namely, geometrically uniform states and subcarrier wave protocols.