Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Annalen der Physik

Distinguishment of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger States in Rydberg Atoms via Noncyclic Geometric Quantum Computation

F.-Q. Guo, Xiaoyu Zhu, L.-L. Yan, Mang Feng, Shi‐Lei Su

Published May 13, 2021• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Since quantum entanglement plays a crucial role in quantum information processing, analyzing entangled states is indispensable for practical applications. Here a simple and direct protocol to distinguish arbitrary N‐qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states by novel nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation using Rydberg atoms is put forward. The Bell states can also be distinguished completely using this way. The protocol is justified by numerical simulation for Bell states and N‐qubit GHZ states, which evaluates the robustness and shows gratifying results. In addition, the idea is flexible, that is, available in any platform. Due to its simplicity and easy operation, the scheme would be very useful in quantum information science both theoretically and experimentally.

DOI
10.1002/andp.202100057

Related papers

Complete and nondestructive distinguishment of many-body Rydberg entanglement via robust geometric quantum operations

F.-Q. Guo, Jin‐Lei Wu, Xiaoyu Zhu +6 more

Practical application of quantum information requires distinguishing multipartite entanglement in a complete, nondestructive, and robust way. Here we explore the possibility to accomplish such a task using Rydberg atoms based on blockade effect and user-defined-passage-based geometric quantum logic gates. Our proposal focuses on distinguishing groups of many-body Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and groups of cluster states, and for bipartite cases distinguishing Bell states, which are basic ingredients of quantum information processing. We validate our proposal by numerical results, showing complete and nondestructive accomplishment of distinguishing above multipartite entangled states and also robustness against decoherence. We exemplify two practical applications regarding quantum teleportation and quantum dense coding to demonstrate the value of our proposal. This idea is scalable and experimentally relevant and can be readily generalized to other quantum information candidates, such as superconducting circuits, NV centers, as well as trapped-ion systems with different-level structures.

Physical Review A•Dec 15, 2020•30 citations

Complete and Nondestructive Atomic Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger‐State Analysis Assisted by Invariant‐Based Inverse Engineering

Ri‐Hua Zheng, Yi‐Hao Kang, Zhi‐Cheng Shi +1 more

Abstract A protocol to realize complete and nondestructive atomic Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)‐state analysis in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems is presented. In this protocol, the three information‐carrier atoms and the three auxiliary atoms are trapped in six separated cavities, respectively. After ten‐step operations, the information for distinguishing the eight different GHZ states of the three information‐carrier atoms is encoded on the auxiliary atoms. Thus, by means of detecting the auxiliary atoms, complete and nondestructive GHZ‐state analysis with high success probability is realized. Moreover, the driving pluses of operations are designed as a simple superposition of Gaussian or trigonometric functions by using the invariant‐based inverse engineering. Therefore, the protocol can be realized experimentally and applied in some quantum information tasks based on complete GHZ‐state analysis with less physical entanglement resource.

Annalen der Physik•Jan 10, 2019•13 citations

Complete Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state analyzer using hyper-entanglement

Jiaming Wang, Meng-Zheng Zhu, Liu Ye

In this paper, we design a scheme where a polarization Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state can be completely and deterministically distinguished by adopting linear momentum degree of freedom as the ancillary qubits or change of roles between the momentum and polarization degrees of freedom. Two ways for distinguishing three-photon GHZ state can be achieved in just one quantum circuit.

Modern Physics Letters B•Feb 29, 2016•2 citations

Preparing Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states on ground levels of neutral atoms

Zhu-yao Jin, Jun Jing

We propose a scalable protocol in the Rydberg atomic system to generate the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, where the qubits are encoded on the hyperfine ground levels. Our system is featured with off-resonant driving fields rather than strong Rydberg interaction sufficient for blockade. Closely it can follow the desired nonadiabatic passage during the time evolution and avoid the unwanted transition by imposing the passage-dependent and fast-varying global phase, that serves as an error correction to the universal quantum control. In our protocol, an $N$-qubit GHZ state is prepared in $N-1$ steps, which is found to be robust against both environmental noise and systematic deviation. Our protocol therefore provides an avenue toward large-scale entanglement, which is essential for quantum information processing and computation based on neutral atoms.

arXiv:2504.18074•Physical Review A•Jul 15, 2025•7 citations

Multiple-qubit nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation in Rydberg atoms

F.-Q. Guo, Xiaoyu Zhu, M.-R. Yun +4 more

Abstract Single- and two-qubit nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation (NNGQC) have been put forward in theory (Liu B.-J. et al. , Phys. Rev. Res. 2 (2020) 043130). The features of single-qubit NNGQC have been experimentally verified and the experimental technical route of the two-qubit case has been discussed in detail (Zhang J. W. et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 (2021) 030502). The multiple-qubit quantum logic gate is critical for quantum computation. Although combining a series of single- and two-qubit NNGQC gates can form universal operations and create arbitrary multiple-qubit gates, the created multiple-qubit gate often consumes more quantum resource and requires longer evolution time, which makes it more fragile to systematic error and decoherence. In this article, we propose a scheme to directly construct the multiple-qubit NNGQC gates in Rydberg atoms. The numerical results show that the proposed quantum gates have high fidelity and are robust to systemic error and decoherence. Our scheme may be applied in the future quantum computation and many-body quantum science studies.

Europhysics Letters (EPL)•Jan 28, 2022•4 citations

Complete polarized photons Bell-states and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger-states analysis assisted by atoms

Yan Xia, Yi‐Hao Kang, Pei-Min Lu

We propose an efficient protocol for complete polarized photons Bell-states and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)-states analysis assisted by atoms. With the help of assistant atoms and some simple liner optical elements, the analysis of both polarization Bell states and GHZ states can be performed completely. In our protocol, the assistant atoms are trapped in cavity quantum electronic dynamics (QED), which is feasible with current experimental technology. Moreover, the polarized photons entangled states will not be destroyed in our protocol. Therefore, our scheme might contribute to the quantum communication, quantum computation, and some other fields in quantum information processing.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Aug 6, 2014•18 citations
Abstract Since quantum entanglement plays a crucial role in quantum information processing, analyzing entangled states is indispensable for practical applications. Here a simple and direct protocol to distinguish arbitrary N‐qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states by novel nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation using Rydberg atoms is put forward. The Bell states can also be distinguished completely using this way. The protocol is justified by numerical simulation for Bell states and N‐qubit GHZ states, which evaluates the robustness and shows gratifying results. In addition, the idea is flexible, that is, available in any platform. Due to its simplicity and easy operation, the scheme would be very useful in quantum information science both theoretically and experimentally.
Practical application of quantum information requires distinguishing multipartite entanglement in a complete, nondestructive, and robust way. Here we explore the possibility to accomplish such a task using Rydberg atoms based on blockade effect and user-defined-passage-based geometric quantum logic gates. Our proposal focuses on distinguishing groups of many-body Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and groups of cluster states, and for bipartite cases distinguishing Bell states, which are basic ingredients of quantum information processing. We validate our proposal by numerical results, showing complete and nondestructive accomplishment of distinguishing above multipartite entangled states and also robustness against decoherence. We exemplify two practical applications regarding quantum teleportation and quantum dense coding to demonstrate the value of our proposal. This idea is scalable and experimentally relevant and can be readily generalized to other quantum information candidates, such as superconducting circuits, NV centers, as well as trapped-ion systems with different-level structures.
Abstract A protocol to realize complete and nondestructive atomic Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)‐state analysis in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems is presented. In this protocol, the three information‐carrier atoms and the three auxiliary atoms are trapped in six separated cavities, respectively. After ten‐step operations, the information for distinguishing the eight different GHZ states of the three information‐carrier atoms is encoded on the auxiliary atoms. Thus, by means of detecting the auxiliary atoms, complete and nondestructive GHZ‐state analysis with high success probability is realized. Moreover, the driving pluses of operations are designed as a simple superposition of Gaussian or trigonometric functions by using the invariant‐based inverse engineering. Therefore, the protocol can be realized experimentally and applied in some quantum information tasks based on complete GHZ‐state analysis with less physical entanglement resource.
We propose a scalable protocol in the Rydberg atomic system to generate the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, where the qubits are encoded on the hyperfine ground levels. Our system is featured with off-resonant driving fields rather than strong Rydberg interaction sufficient for blockade. Closely it can follow the desired nonadiabatic passage during the time evolution and avoid the unwanted transition by imposing the passage-dependent and fast-varying global phase, that serves as an error correction to the universal quantum control. In our protocol, an NNN-qubit GHZ state is prepared in N−1N-1N−1 steps, which is found to be robust against both environmental noise and systematic deviation. Our protocol therefore provides an avenue toward large-scale entanglement, which is essential for quantum information processing and computation based on neutral atoms.
Abstract Single- and two-qubit nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation (NNGQC) have been put forward in theory (Liu B.-J. et al. , Phys. Rev. Res. 2 (2020) 043130). The features of single-qubit NNGQC have been experimentally verified and the experimental technical route of the two-qubit case has been discussed in detail (Zhang J. W. et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 (2021) 030502). The multiple-qubit quantum logic gate is critical for quantum computation. Although combining a series of single- and two-qubit NNGQC gates can form universal operations and create arbitrary multiple-qubit gates, the created multiple-qubit gate often consumes more quantum resource and requires longer evolution time, which makes it more fragile to systematic error and decoherence. In this article, we propose a scheme to directly construct the multiple-qubit NNGQC gates in Rydberg atoms. The numerical results show that the proposed quantum gates have high fidelity and are robust to systemic error and decoherence. Our scheme may be applied in the future quantum computation and many-body quantum science studies.
We propose an efficient protocol for complete polarized photons Bell-states and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)-states analysis assisted by atoms. With the help of assistant atoms and some simple liner optical elements, the analysis of both polarization Bell states and GHZ states can be performed completely. In our protocol, the assistant atoms are trapped in cavity quantum electronic dynamics (QED), which is feasible with current experimental technology. Moreover, the polarized photons entangled states will not be destroyed in our protocol. Therefore, our scheme might contribute to the quantum communication, quantum computation, and some other fields in quantum information processing.