Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physica Scripta

Diffraction in time of an entangled non-relativistic quantum particle

Yusuf Ziya Umul

Published May 6, 2021• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The diffraction process of an entangled non-relativistic quantum particle in time domain is investigated. The scenario consists of two entangled spin-0 particles and a quantum shutter, which is opened at an initial time. The particles are traveling in two opposite sides and expressed with a single wave function. The integral solution of the Schrödinger equation is considered for two particles case. The initial condition is expressed in terms of an entangled wave function. The time-diffracted matter wave is obtained in terms of the Fresnel integral. The effect of the phenomenon of diffraction in time is examined numerically for the entangled system of two particles.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/abfe89

Related papers

Diffraction in Time

M. Moshińsky

In a previous note a dynamical description of resonance scattering was given, and transient terms appeared in the wave function describing the process. To understand the physical significance of these terms, the transient effects that appear when a shutter is opened are discussed in this paper. For a nonrelativistic beam of particles, the transient current has a close mathematical resemblance with the intensity of light in the Fresnel diffraction by a straight edge. This is the reason for calling the transient phenomena by the name of diffraction in time.The shutter problem is discussed for particles whose wave functions satisfy the Schr\"odinger equation, the ordinary wave equation, and the Klein-Gordon equation. Only for the Schr\"odinger time-dependent equation do the transient wave functions resemble the solutions that appear in Sommerfeld's theory of diffraction. The connection of transient phenomena with the time-energy uncertainty relation, and the interpretation of the transient current in a scattering process, are briefly discussed. The relativistic wave functions for the shutter problem may play an important role in the dynamical description of a relativistic scattering process.

Physical Review•Nov 1, 1952•315 citations

Diffraction of matter waves in time by an absorbing half-screen

Yusuf Ziya Umul

In this study, the scattering of matter waves that accompany to the quantum particles by an absorbing half-plane is examined. A quantum shutter, which is opened at an initial time, is proposed to close the semi-infinite complementary aperture of the half-screen. Hence the matter waves, confined in a determined region of space, transmits to the second region by scattering from the semi-infinite aperture. The mathematical expressions of the scattered fields are plotted numerically and interpreted according to the diffraction theory of Young.

International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering•Dec 1, 2010•0 citations

A Basis for Causal Scattering Waves, Relativistic Diffraction in Time Functions

Salvador Godoy, Karen Villa

Relativistic diffraction in time wave functions can be used as a basis for causal scattering waves. We derive such exact wave function for a beam of Dirac and Klein-Gordon particles. The transient Dirac spinors are expressed in terms of integral defined functions which are the relativistic equivalent of the Fresnel integrals. When plotted versus time the exact relativistic densities show transient oscillations which resemble a diffraction pattern. The Dirac and Klein-Gordon time oscillations look different, hence relativistic diffraction in time depends strongly on the particle spin.

Journal of Modern Physics•Jan 1, 2016•9 citations

Quantum Mechanics and Control Using Fractional Calculus: A Study of the Shutter Problem for Fractional Quantum Fields

Jonathan Blackledge

The ‘diffraction in space’ and the ‘diffraction in time’ phenomena are considered in regard to a continuously open, and a closed shutter that is opened at an instant in time, respectively. The purpose of this is to provide a background to the principal theme of this article, which is to extend the ‘quantum shutter problem’ for the case when the wave function is determined by the fundamental solution to a partial differential equation with a fractional derivative of space or of time. This involves the development of Green’s function solutions for the space- and time-fractional Schrödinger equation and the time-fractional Klein–Gordon equation (for the semi-relativistic case). In each case, the focus is on the development of primarily one-dimensional solutions, subject to an initial condition which controls the dynamical behaviour of the wave function. Coupled with variations in the fractional order of the fractional derivatives, illustrative example results are provided that are based on presenting space-time maps of the wave function; specifically, the probability density of the wave function. In this context, the paper provides a case study of fractional quantum mechanics and control using fractional calculus.

Applied Mechanics•Apr 12, 2022•11 citations

Diffraction in time in terms of Wigner distributions and tomographic probabilities

Vladimir I. Man’ko, M. Moshińsky, Anju Sharma

Long ago in quantum mechanics a discussion appeared about the problem of opening a completely absorbing shutter on which a stream of particles of definite velocity was impinged. The solution of the problem was obtained in a form entirely analogous to the optical one of diffraction by a straight edge. The argument of the Fresnel integrals was time dependent, and thus the first part in the title of this paper. In this paper we reformulate the problem in Wigner distributions and tomographical probabilities. In the former case the probability in phase space is very simple but, as it takes positive and negative values, the interpretation is ambiguous, though it gives a classical limit that agrees entirely with our intuition. In the latter case we can start with our initial conditions in a given reference frame, but obtain our final solution in an arbitrary frame of reference.

arXiv:quant-ph/9902075•Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1999•54 citations

Transient Quantum Beat Oscillations in Extreme-Relativistic Diffraction in Time

Salvador Godoy

In the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation for the shutter problem, we prove that, at internuclear distances, a relativistic beam of Pi-mesons has a probability density which oscillates in time in a similar way to the spatial dependence in optical Fresnel diffraction from a straight edge. However, for an extreme-relativistic beam, the Fresnel oscillations turn into quantum damped beat oscillations. We prove that quantum beat oscillations are the consequence, at extreme-relativistic velocities, of the interference between the initial incident wave function, and the Green’s function in the relativistic shutter problem. This is a pure quantum relativistic phenomenon.

Journal of Modern Physics•Jan 1, 2021•1 citation
Abstract The diffraction process of an entangled non-relativistic quantum particle in time domain is investigated. The scenario consists of two entangled spin-0 particles and a quantum shutter, which is opened at an initial time. The particles are traveling in two opposite sides and expressed with a single wave function. The integral solution of the Schrödinger equation is considered for two particles case. The initial condition is expressed in terms of an entangled wave function. The time-diffracted matter wave is obtained in terms of the Fresnel integral. The effect of the phenomenon of diffraction in time is examined numerically for the entangled system of two particles.
In a previous note a dynamical description of resonance scattering was given, and transient terms appeared in the wave function describing the process. To understand the physical significance of these terms, the transient effects that appear when a shutter is opened are discussed in this paper. For a nonrelativistic beam of particles, the transient current has a close mathematical resemblance with the intensity of light in the Fresnel diffraction by a straight edge. This is the reason for calling the transient phenomena by the name of diffraction in time.The shutter problem is discussed for particles whose wave functions satisfy the Schr\"odinger equation, the ordinary wave equation, and the Klein-Gordon equation. Only for the Schr\"odinger time-dependent equation do the transient wave functions resemble the solutions that appear in Sommerfeld's theory of diffraction. The connection of transient phenomena with the time-energy uncertainty relation, and the interpretation of the transient current in a scattering process, are briefly discussed. The relativistic wave functions for the shutter problem may play an important role in the dynamical description of a relativistic scattering process.
In this study, the scattering of matter waves that accompany to the quantum particles by an absorbing half-plane is examined. A quantum shutter, which is opened at an initial time, is proposed to close the semi-infinite complementary aperture of the half-screen. Hence the matter waves, confined in a determined region of space, transmits to the second region by scattering from the semi-infinite aperture. The mathematical expressions of the scattered fields are plotted numerically and interpreted according to the diffraction theory of Young.
Relativistic diffraction in time wave functions can be used as a basis for causal scattering waves. We derive such exact wave function for a beam of Dirac and Klein-Gordon particles. The transient Dirac spinors are expressed in terms of integral defined functions which are the relativistic equivalent of the Fresnel integrals. When plotted versus time the exact relativistic densities show transient oscillations which resemble a diffraction pattern. The Dirac and Klein-Gordon time oscillations look different, hence relativistic diffraction in time depends strongly on the particle spin.
The ‘diffraction in space’ and the ‘diffraction in time’ phenomena are considered in regard to a continuously open, and a closed shutter that is opened at an instant in time, respectively. The purpose of this is to provide a background to the principal theme of this article, which is to extend the ‘quantum shutter problem’ for the case when the wave function is determined by the fundamental solution to a partial differential equation with a fractional derivative of space or of time. This involves the development of Green’s function solutions for the space- and time-fractional Schrödinger equation and the time-fractional Klein–Gordon equation (for the semi-relativistic case). In each case, the focus is on the development of primarily one-dimensional solutions, subject to an initial condition which controls the dynamical behaviour of the wave function. Coupled with variations in the fractional order of the fractional derivatives, illustrative example results are provided that are based on presenting space-time maps of the wave function; specifically, the probability density of the wave function. In this context, the paper provides a case study of fractional quantum mechanics and control using fractional calculus.
Long ago in quantum mechanics a discussion appeared about the problem of opening a completely absorbing shutter on which a stream of particles of definite velocity was impinged. The solution of the problem was obtained in a form entirely analogous to the optical one of diffraction by a straight edge. The argument of the Fresnel integrals was time dependent, and thus the first part in the title of this paper. In this paper we reformulate the problem in Wigner distributions and tomographical probabilities. In the former case the probability in phase space is very simple but, as it takes positive and negative values, the interpretation is ambiguous, though it gives a classical limit that agrees entirely with our intuition. In the latter case we can start with our initial conditions in a given reference frame, but obtain our final solution in an arbitrary frame of reference.
In the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation for the shutter problem, we prove that, at internuclear distances, a relativistic beam of Pi-mesons has a probability density which oscillates in time in a similar way to the spatial dependence in optical Fresnel diffraction from a straight edge. However, for an extreme-relativistic beam, the Fresnel oscillations turn into quantum damped beat oscillations. We prove that quantum beat oscillations are the consequence, at extreme-relativistic velocities, of the interference between the initial incident wave function, and the Green’s function in the relativistic shutter problem. This is a pure quantum relativistic phenomenon.