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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Characterizing Control of Superconducting Qutrits by Randomized Benchmarking

Michal Kononenko, Muhammet Ali Yurtalan, Jiahao Shi, Sahel Ashhab, Adrian Lupaşcu

Published Mar 17, 2021• 0 citations
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We characterize control of a qutrit implemented in the lowest three energy levels of a capacitively shunted flux-biased superconducting circuit.Randomized benchmarking over the qutrit Clifford group yields an average fidelity of 98.89 ± 0.05%.For a selected subset of the Clifford group, we perform quantum process tomography and observe the behavior of repeated gate sequences.Each qutrit gate is generated using only two-state rotations via a method applicable to any unitary.We find that errors are due primarily to decoherence and have a significant contribution from level shifts.This work demonstrates high-fidelity qutrit control and outlines avenues for future work on the optimal control of superconducting qudits.

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Characterization of Three-Level Control in Capacitively-Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits Using Randomized Benchmarking

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Superconducting devices have emerged as leading candidates for building practical quantum computers, owing to their scalability, designability, and ease of control. Development of superconducting devices has been accompanied by increases in coherence times from nanoseconds to tens of microseconds, and a multitude of new types of superconducting qubits. In turn, these improvements in coherence, and study of superconducting qubits has produced models for these devices accurate and trustworthy enough to enable design decisions to be determined prior to device fabrication. Recent work by the superconducting quantum devices (SQD) group has produced a variant of the capacitively-shunted flux qubit that features fast control over the lowest three levels, allowing the device to be used as a qutrit. This thesis presents a model and characterization results for this device. \n \nThis thesis also presents experimental results characterizing control fidelity for a qutrit using randomized benchmarking (RB). Quantum process tomography and application of repeated gate sequences are also used to support the randomized benchmarking results. The method of synthesizing the gates in the qutrit Clifford group can decompose any gate into two-state rotations. The fidelity of 99.0 +/- 0.2% obtained by randomized benchmarking establishes the device as a useful qutrit, and outlines interesting directions in using higher levels to improve qubit-based quantum computers, and in using higher levels to pack more states into fewer devices in quantum computers. Analysis of experimental results indicates errors are dominated by ac-Stark and Bloch-Siegert shifts during qutrit control. \n \nThis thesis then presents two new devices meant to study the impact of changing design parameters on the suitability of flux qubits for multilevel control. The first device test individual qubits, with the goal of further improving the coherence time, and improving qutrit control. The second device couples two devices together, so that two-qubit gates can be studied. The available design parameters and their impact on qubit properties are discussed, and design variations are selected for the single and two-qubit devices. The result is a set of devices ready for manufacture and experimental characterization.

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Taking Control of Superconducting Qubits

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Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 7, 2014•0 citations
We characterize control of a qutrit implemented in the lowest three energy levels of a capacitively shunted flux-biased superconducting circuit.Randomized benchmarking over the qutrit Clifford group yields an average fidelity of 98.89 ± 0.05%.For a selected subset of the Clifford group, we perform quantum process tomography and observe the behavior of repeated gate sequences.Each qutrit gate is generated using only two-state rotations via a method applicable to any unitary.We find that errors are due primarily to decoherence and have a significant contribution from level shifts.This work demonstrates high-fidelity qutrit control and outlines avenues for future work on the optimal control of superconducting qudits.
Superconducting devices have emerged as leading candidates for building practical quantum computers, owing to their scalability, designability, and ease of control. Development of superconducting devices has been accompanied by increases in coherence times from nanoseconds to tens of microseconds, and a multitude of new types of superconducting qubits. In turn, these improvements in coherence, and study of superconducting qubits has produced models for these devices accurate and trustworthy enough to enable design decisions to be determined prior to device fabrication. Recent work by the superconducting quantum devices (SQD) group has produced a variant of the capacitively-shunted flux qubit that features fast control over the lowest three levels, allowing the device to be used as a qutrit. This thesis presents a model and characterization results for this device. \n \nThis thesis also presents experimental results characterizing control fidelity for a qutrit using randomized benchmarking (RB). Quantum process tomography and application of repeated gate sequences are also used to support the randomized benchmarking results. The method of synthesizing the gates in the qutrit Clifford group can decompose any gate into two-state rotations. The fidelity of 99.0 +/- 0.2% obtained by randomized benchmarking establishes the device as a useful qutrit, and outlines interesting directions in using higher levels to improve qubit-based quantum computers, and in using higher levels to pack more states into fewer devices in quantum computers. Analysis of experimental results indicates errors are dominated by ac-Stark and Bloch-Siegert shifts during qutrit control. \n \nThis thesis then presents two new devices meant to study the impact of changing design parameters on the suitability of flux qubits for multilevel control. The first device test individual qubits, with the goal of further improving the coherence time, and improving qutrit control. The second device couples two devices together, so that two-qubit gates can be studied. The available design parameters and their impact on qubit properties are discussed, and design variations are selected for the single and two-qubit devices. The result is a set of devices ready for manufacture and experimental characterization.