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Optoelectronics Letters

A measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol with a heralded single photon source

周媛媛, 周学军, 苏彬彬

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

与宣布单个光子来源(HSPS ) 一起，一个 measurement-device-independent 量钥匙分发(MDIQKD ) 协议被建议，与一个三紧张的圈套状态方法结合了。HSPS 有二模式的特征，当信号模式，和其它是宣布了模式减少黑暗计数的影响被使用，一个模式被使用。收益的更低的界限和错误率的上面的界限被推出，有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议的表演被分析。模拟结果证明有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议能完成关键产生率和与单个光子来源(SPS ) 一起接近协议的理论限制的安全传播距离。而且，关键产生率将与发送者察觉效率的加薪改善。有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议的关键产生率是一些不到与在结束的弱协调来源(WCS ) 一起的 MDI-QKD 协议的变化，但是将在远范围超过后者。而且，更远的传播距离由于 HSPS 的二模式的特征被获得。

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与宣布单个光子来源(HSPS ) 一起，一个 measurement-device-independent 量钥匙分发(MDIQKD ) 协议被建议，与一个三紧张的圈套状态方法结合了。HSPS 有二模式的特征，当信号模式，和其它是宣布了模式减少黑暗计数的影响被使用，一个模式被使用。收益的更低的界限和错误率的上面的界限被推出，有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议的表演被分析。模拟结果证明有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议能完成关键产生率和与单个光子来源(SPS ) 一起接近协议的理论限制的安全传播距离。而且，关键产生率将与发送者察觉效率的加薪改善。有 HSPS 的 MDI-QKD 协议的关键产生率是一些不到与在结束的弱协调来源(WCS ) 一起的 MDI-QKD 协议的变化，但是将在远范围超过后者。而且，更远的传播距离由于 HSPS 的二模式的特征被获得。
基于量子存储辅助的测量设备无关量子密钥分发（MDI-QKD）协议原理上能有效提升量子密钥分发系统的传输距离和密钥率，但现有三强度诱骗态方案受有限长效应影响严重，仍存在密钥率低、安全传输距离受限等问题。针对以上问题，本文提出了一种基于双参数扫描的量子存储辅助MDI-QKD协议，一方面，通过使用四强度诱骗态方法降低有限长效应的影响；另一方面，结合集体约束模型与双参数扫描算法来优化有限样本下的单光子计数率和相位误码率的估算精度，从而有效提升系统的整体性能。同时，本文开展了相关数值仿真计算，仿真结果显示，本方案与现有其他同类MDI-QKD方案，比如基于存储辅助的三强度诱骗态方案以及不使用存储的四强度诱骗态方案相比，在相同的实验条件下，分别提升了超过30公里和100公里的安全传输距离。因此，本文工作将为未来发展远距离量子通信网络提供重要的参考价值。
The memory-assisted measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), which requires less stringent conditions on the memory modules than that of quantum repeaters scheme, offers a practical mid-term solution to long-distance quantum key distribution. In this paper, considering the high cost and the high multi-photon probability, respectively, of single-photon source (SPS) and weak coherent source (WCS), we present schemes on implementing the parametric down-conversion sources, including the heralded single-photon source (HSPS) and single-photon-added coherent source (SPACS), in the memory-assisted MDI-QKD. By numerical simulations, we show that HSPS and SPACS scheme have apparent superiorities both in the key generation rate and the required minimal coherence time of quantum memory compared to WCS scheme. Moreover, we find that the robustness of SPACS against intensity fluctuations is better than WCS, but still worse than HSPS.
On the one hand, existing measurement device independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocols have usually adopted single photon source (SPS) and weak coherent photon (WCP), however, these protocols have suffered from multi-photon problem brought from photon splitter number attacks. On the other hand, the orbital angular momentum (OAM)-MDI-QKD protocol does not need to compare and adjust the reference frame, solving the dependency of the base in the MDI-QKD protocol. Given that, we propose the OAM-MDI-QKD protocol based on the parametric light sources which mainly include single-photon-added-coherent (SPACS) and heralded single-photon sources (HSPS). Due to the stability of OAM and the participation of parametric light sources, the performance of MDI-QKD protocol gradually approaches the ideal situation. Numerical simulation shows that compared with WCP scheme, HSPS and SPACS schemes have increased the maximum secure transmission distance by 30 km and 40 km respectively.
联合的宣布的对有被动圈套状态想法的协调状态(HPCS ) ，一个新方法为量钥匙分发(QKD ) 被介绍。弱协调来源(WCS ) 和宣布单个光子来源(HSPS ) 是为最先进的 QKD 的最普通的光子来源。然而，如果这二来源在实际圈套状态 QKD 被使用，在最大的安全距离和安全关键产生率之间有一条突出的转线路。在这份报纸的方法不活跃地准备圈套状态。因此，它把一样的试验性的安装用作，并且对一个硬件变化没有需要常规协议，因此它的实现是很容易的。而且，方法能获得更长安全的传播距离，并且它的关键产生率在整个安全传播远处比有 WCS 或 HSPS 的被动圈套状态方法的高。因此，为 QKD 的提及的相片来源的限制被突破。方法因此在性能和实现是通用的。
我们为量钥匙分发建议通用协调来源的一个概念。弱协调脉搏(WCP ) 和宣布单个光子来源(HSPS ) 是为 state-of-art 量钥匙分发(QKD ) 的最普通的光子来源。然而，在那里存在在最大的安全距离和如果一个人使用这二，在短、中间的距离产生率的安全钥匙之间的一条突出的转线路在实际圈套状态量钥匙分布采购原料。由联合宣布的对，协调状态(HPCS ) 光子来源和实际圈套一起说方法，这被显示出，一个人不能仅仅加强最大的安全传播距离，而且改进产生在短、中等的距离的率的钥匙。而且，在关键产生的前进没在利用的特别协议被限制并且能容易为 BB84 和 SARG 协议被检查。最后，我们清楚地表明基于 HPCS 的圈套方法怎么由求婚有效地并且 feasibly 工作一有效基于 HPCS “ 1 个 signal+2 圈套”州的方法。
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) has been widely investigated due to its remarkable advantages on the achievable transmission distance and practical security. However, the relative low key generation rate limits its real-life implementations. In this work, we adopt the newly proposed four-intensity decoy-state scheme [Phys. Rev. A 93, 042324 (2016)] to study the performance of MDI-QKD with heralded single-photon sources (HSPS). Corresponding simulation results demonstrate that the four-intensity decoy-state scheme combining HSPS can drastically improve both the key generation rate and transmission distance in MDI-QKD, which may be very promising in future MDI-QKD systems.