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理论物理通讯：英文版

Fidelity of Interference Between Two Bose-Einstein Condensates with Collision and Dissipation

Yu Yu, Zhao-Xian, Jiao, Zhiyong

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Interference between the two Bose-Einstein condensates with collision and dissipation is investigated. Itis found that when the two condensates are initially in the coherent state, the interference intensity is affected by thecollision and dissipation, but for the initial Fock state, it is only related to the dissipation. Whether the initial stateis in the coherent state or in a Fock state, the fidelity time has nothing to do with collision. For the initial coherentstate, the fidelity loss rate is zero, but for the initial Fock state, it is determined by the initial particle number of thetwo condensates and dissipation.

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Interference between the two Bose-Einstein condensates with collision and dissipation is investigated. Itis found that when the two condensates are initially in the coherent state, the interference intensity is affected by thecollision and dissipation, but for the initial Fock state, it is only related to the dissipation. Whether the initial stateis in the coherent state or in a Fock state, the fidelity time has nothing to do with collision. For the initial coherentstate, the fidelity loss rate is zero, but for the initial Fock state, it is determined by the initial particle number of thetwo condensates and dissipation.
Interference between the two Bose–Einstein condensates with collision and dissipation is investigated. It is found that when the two condensates are initially in the coherent state, the interference intensity is affected by the collision and dissipation, but for the initial Fock state, it is only related to the dissipation. Whether the initial state is in the coherent state or in a Fock state, the fidelity time has nothing to do with collision. For the initial coherent state, the fidelity loss rate is zero, but for the initial Fock state, it is determined by the initial particle number of the two condensates and dissipation.
Interference between the halves of a double-well trap containing a Bose-Einstein condensate is studied. It is found that when the atoms in the two wells are initially in the coherent state, the intensity exhibits collapses and revivals, but it does not for the initial Fock states. Whether the initial states are in the coherent states or in a Fock state, the fidelity time has nothing to do with collision. We point out that interference and its fidelity can be adjusted experimentally by properly preparing the number and initial states of the system.
The interference of the two-component Bose–Einstein condensates with a coupling drive in the presence of the dissipation is studied. We find that when the two-component Bose–Einstein condensates are initially in the coherent states, for the smaller dissipation parameters compared with that of the rf frequency ω rf , the interference intensity exhibits damply oscillation behavior, whereas when the dissipation parameters are larger than that of the ω rf , the interference intensity exhibits a fast attenuation behavior. As a comparison, the interference intensity in the absence of the dissipation is also studied. We conclude that the dissipation of the system can be evaluated by selecting the ω rf experimentally.
We study the dynamics of the relative phase following the connection of the two independently formed Bose-Einstein condensates. Dissipation is assumed to be due to the creation of quasiparticles induced by a fluctuating condensate particle number. The coherence between different values of the phase, which is characteristic of the initial Fock state, is quickly lost after the net exchange of a few atoms has taken place. This process effectively measures the phase and marks the onset of a semiclassical regime in which the system undergoes Bloch oscillations around the initial particle number. These fast oscillations excite quasiparticles within each condensate and the system relaxes at a longer time scale until it displays low-energy, damped, Josephson plasma oscillations, eventually coming to a halt when the equilibrium configuration is finally reached.