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Phase dependent and transient coherent population trapping

Wolfgang Maichen, Rainer Gaggl, Ferruccio Renzoni, Eugeny Korsunsky, Werner Scherf, I. E. Mazets, Laurentius Windholz

Published Jan 1, 1996• 0 citations
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Transient coherent population trapping in a closed loop interaction scheme

Wolfgang Maichen, Ferruccio Renzoni, I. E. Mazets +2 more

We investigated the existence of coherent population trapping (CPT) as a transient effect dependent on the rate of change of interaction parameters between an atom and light waves. For that purpose we exploited the phase dependence of CPT in a closed double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} interaction scheme, varying the total phase of the atomic transition loop linearly in time by detuning the light waves from exact four-photon resonance. For a slowly changing phase (that is, for small detunings) we observed the subsequent creation and destruction of CPT depending on the varying phase, while for higher speed of phase change CPT disappears. An analytical solution for a special case for a double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} interaction scheme that can be used to understand the principles of this phenomenon is presented. A qualitative comparison with our experiment shows good agreement within the limits of our theoretical considerations, confirming the validity of the basic idea. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Physical Review A•May 1, 1996•54 citations

CPT transients induced by rapid changes in laser polarization: validation of a semi-empirical model

Mao Huang, John G. Coffer, James C. Camparo

In ultraminiature atomic physics (UAP), where the goal is to perform low-power, 'chip-scale' precision spectroscopy, stochastic-field/atom interactions can play a primary role in defining the limits of sensitivity. Unfortunately, the transient responses of a quantum system to random changes in the amplitude, phase or polarization of a resonant field are not well understood, forming the basis of what has come to be known as the stochastic-field/atom interaction problem. As the first step in understanding the more complicated stochastic problem, the present work considers the response of a coherent-population-trapping (CPT) signal to a sudden, step-function change in laser polarization. We find that the transient behaviour depends on both the redistribution of atomic population among the atom's Zeeman sublevels and the regeneration of atomic coherence between these sublevels. Despite the complicated nature of the dynamics, we develop and experimentally validate a semi-empirical, reasonably intuitive model of the CPT transient and demonstrate that in the 'typical' CPT signal the polarization-induced transients are dominated by redistribution of atomic population among the Zeeman sublevels. Further, the amplitudes of the polarization-induced transients are relatively large and could potentially 'swamp' the CPT signals of interest for UAP.

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Atomic clock based on transient coherent population trapping

Tao Guo, Ke Deng, Xuzong Chen +1 more

We proposed a scheme to implement coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clock based on the transient CPT phenomenon. We proved that the transient transmitted laser power in a typical Λ system near CPT resonance features as a damping oscillation. Also, the oscillating frequency is exactly equal to the frequency detuning from the atomic hyperfine splitting. Therefore, we can directly measure the frequency detuning and then compensated to the output frequency of microwave oscillator to get the standard frequency. By this method, we can further simplify the structure of CPT atomic clock, and make it easier to be digitized and miniaturized.

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Coherent population trapping and the effect of laser phase fluctuations

Bryan J. Dalton, P. L. Knight

Springer eBooks•Apr 6, 2008•6 citations
We investigated the existence of coherent population trapping (CPT) as a transient effect dependent on the rate of change of interaction parameters between an atom and light waves. For that purpose we exploited the phase dependence of CPT in a closed double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} interaction scheme, varying the total phase of the atomic transition loop linearly in time by detuning the light waves from exact four-photon resonance. For a slowly changing phase (that is, for small detunings) we observed the subsequent creation and destruction of CPT depending on the varying phase, while for higher speed of phase change CPT disappears. An analytical solution for a special case for a double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} interaction scheme that can be used to understand the principles of this phenomenon is presented. A qualitative comparison with our experiment shows good agreement within the limits of our theoretical considerations, confirming the validity of the basic idea. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
In ultraminiature atomic physics (UAP), where the goal is to perform low-power, 'chip-scale' precision spectroscopy, stochastic-field/atom interactions can play a primary role in defining the limits of sensitivity. Unfortunately, the transient responses of a quantum system to random changes in the amplitude, phase or polarization of a resonant field are not well understood, forming the basis of what has come to be known as the stochastic-field/atom interaction problem. As the first step in understanding the more complicated stochastic problem, the present work considers the response of a coherent-population-trapping (CPT) signal to a sudden, step-function change in laser polarization. We find that the transient behaviour depends on both the redistribution of atomic population among the atom's Zeeman sublevels and the regeneration of atomic coherence between these sublevels. Despite the complicated nature of the dynamics, we develop and experimentally validate a semi-empirical, reasonably intuitive model of the CPT transient and demonstrate that in the 'typical' CPT signal the polarization-induced transients are dominated by redistribution of atomic population among the Zeeman sublevels. Further, the amplitudes of the polarization-induced transients are relatively large and could potentially 'swamp' the CPT signals of interest for UAP.
We proposed a scheme to implement coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clock based on the transient CPT phenomenon. We proved that the transient transmitted laser power in a typical Λ system near CPT resonance features as a damping oscillation. Also, the oscillating frequency is exactly equal to the frequency detuning from the atomic hyperfine splitting. Therefore, we can directly measure the frequency detuning and then compensated to the output frequency of microwave oscillator to get the standard frequency. By this method, we can further simplify the structure of CPT atomic clock, and make it easier to be digitized and miniaturized.