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Science in China. Series G, Physics, mechanics & astronomy/Science in China. Series G, Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy

Quantum asymmetric cryptography with symmetric keys

Qiao Wen

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on quantum encryption,we present a new idea for quantum public-key cryptography (QPKC) and construct a whole theoretical framework of a QPKC system. We show that the quantum-mechanical nature renders it feasible and reasonable to use symmetric keys in such a scheme,which is quite different from that in conventional public-key cryptography. The security of our scheme is analyzed and some features are discussed. Furthermore,the state-estimation attack to a prior QPKC scheme is demonstrated.

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Based on quantum encryption,we present a new idea for quantum public-key cryptography (QPKC) and construct a whole theoretical framework of a QPKC system. We show that the quantum-mechanical nature renders it feasible and reasonable to use symmetric keys in such a scheme,which is quite different from that in conventional public-key cryptography. The security of our scheme is analyzed and some features are discussed. Furthermore,the state-estimation attack to a prior QPKC scheme is demonstrated.
Cryptography is not for secure the sensitive data but now days it is compulsory in many applications like IoT, Cloud Platform, business systems and so on. A new area of advanced information technology called quantum-computing uses the unique characteristics of quantum physics to solve complex problems, which are beyond the powers of even the most robust classical/powerful computers. Security is the major concern in the area of quantum computing environment. Quantum cryptography, in addition, merely practices the ideologies of quantum mechanism to encrypt/decrypt data and transmit it in a way that cannot be hacked by anyone. This chapter explores the area of quantum public key cryptography, which seeks to create cryptographic building blocks that can withstand attacks from a quantum computing-enabled adversary. Chapter begins with fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, cryptography, quantum cryptography, quantum public key cryptography and, core families of quantum-resistant public key schemes.
Quantum key distribution provides an effective means for achieving information-theoretically secure communication. Recently, Fu et al. proposed a quantum public key cryptography based on Bell states. However, this protocol cannot guarantee the integrity of information when facing tampering attacks. In this study, we first analyze the security vulnerabilities of the protocol, and then introduces the ideas of decoy states and hash functions to propose an improved quantum public key cryptography protocol. In addition, the use of unordered methods further ensures the security of information. After security analysis, it was found that this protocol can resist tampering attacks and has eavesdropping detection, which has higher security compared to existing protocols.
Here, we propose a quantum asymmetric key cryptography scheme using Grover's quantum search algorithm. In the proposed scheme, Alice generates a pair of public and private keys, keeps the private keys safe, and only discloses public keys to the outside. Bob uses Alice's public key to send a secret message to Alice and Alice uses her private key to decrypt the secret message. Furthermore, we discuss the safety of quantum asymmetric key encryption techniques based on quantum mechanical properties.
Abstract Asymmetric encryption has some important applications in the field of communication. In classical computers, most public key encryption schemes are designed based on computational assumption. In other words, they can ensure computational security. When the computing power is large enough, it will pose a threat to these encryption schemes. We propose a quantum public key encryption scheme which based on properties of quantum physics. Our scheme realizes encryption and decryption with few resources and does not rely on any computational assumption. The key in our scheme consists of classical bits and qubits. Where the private key are classical bit and public key are qubits. The public key are generated through private key. We analyze the performance and security of the scheme. Our scheme ensures the information-theoretic secure and can be implemented easily.
Quantum cryptography (QC) as an important technology to protect the security of the future network communication, has gained extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years. This paper provides a concise up-to-date review of QC, including Quantum key distribution (QKD), Quantum authentication, Quantum public-key cryptography (QPKC), and so on. Our aim is to pave a comprehensive and solid starting ground for interested readers. We firstly clarify the definition of QC. Secondly, we present the current understanding of QC from different levels, including the basic knowledge of quantum information processing, QC protocols and the attacks in QC. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in this hopeful field.