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Optics Express

Quantum routings for single photons with different frequencies

Xingmin Li, Jun Xin, Guolong Li, Xiao-Ming Lu, L. F. Wei

Published Mar 1, 2021• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Controllable single-photon routing takes the central roles in optical quantum networks for quantum information processing. Given that most of the schemes previously proposed are specifically designed for the photons with selected frequencies, here we investigate how to implement the routings of single photons with different frequencies. We show that the routing capabilities of the photons with different frequencies are manipulatable by properly designing the configuration of the scatters such as the cavity with embedded atoms and the channel boundaries. This is particularly important to implement the bandwidth routings of photons in future.

DOI
10.1364/oe.418414

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Controllable single-photon routing takes the central roles in optical quantum networks for quantum information processing. Given that most of the schemes previously proposed are specifically designed for the photons with selected frequencies, here we investigate how to implement the routings of single photons with different frequencies. We show that the routing capabilities of the photons with different frequencies are manipulatable by properly designing the configuration of the scatters such as the cavity with embedded atoms and the channel boundaries. This is particularly important to implement the bandwidth routings of photons in future.
The quantum routing of single photons takes the central role in an optical quantum network. The matching between the routing probability and the selected frequency of single photons limits the robustness and universality of the quantum router. Here, we investigate how to implement the quantum routing of single photons within bandwidth frequencies by two cavities embedding atoms acting as quantum nodes. We show that the routing capabilities of the single photons and the range of the frequencies can be manipulated by properly designing the chiral coupling strengths and the channel boundaries. Also, we demonstrate that the incident single photons, within bandwidth frequencies, can be completely routed to the targeted output port. This is particularly important to construct optical quantum networks within bandwidth frequencies in the future.
A quantum router takes the central role in an optical quantum network. However, how to route the expected photons with different frequencies to the targeted output ports of the quantum network is still a basic challenge. Here, we propose an effective approach, by setting the proper cavity-atom and photon-cavity chiral interactions, to realize quantum filter routing of single photons with different frequencies in a multi-channel quantum network. With the frequency serving as the signpost, the photons can be effectively routed to the targeted output ports by modulating the detunings between the cavities and the auxiliary atoms. Hopefully, this technique can play an important role in the construction of a highly efficient optical quantum network.
Single-photon routing between two one-dimensional waveguides mediated by a single-mode cavity embedded with a time-modulated two-level atom is investigated. Two configurations, where the single photon is incident from an infinite or semi-infinite waveguide, are considered. Using the analytical expressions of the single-photon scattering amplitudes, the transmission behaviors in the two waveguides are discussed. The results show that the time modulation of the atomic frequency enables a dynamically tunable quantum router. A single photon with different frequencies can be routed dynamically from the incident waveguide to the other by properly manipulating the amplitude-to-frequency ratio of the atom. The routing efficiency can be improved to approach 100% by terminating the incident waveguide. In the semi-waveguide configuration, the routing behaviors controlled by the quantum coherent feedback are also investigated. The influence of the phase shifts introduced by the terminated waveguide on the routing capability and the conditions for perfect single-photon routing are discussed in detail. A frequency tunable targeted single-photon router can even be realized with the help of chiral coupling. These results may be beneficial to the photon control in a quantum network based on time-modulated quantum nodes.
The dynamic control of single-photon scattering in a pair of one-dimensional waveguides mediated by a time-modulated atom–cavity system is investigated. Two cases, where the waveguides are coupled symmetrically or asymmetrically to the atom–cavity system, are discussed in detail. The results show that such time-modulated atom–cavity configuration can behave as a dynamical tunable directional single-photon router. The photons with different frequencies can dynamically be routed from the incident waveguide into any ports of the other with a 100% probability via adjusting the modulated amplitude or phases of the time-modulated atom–cavity coupling strengths, associate with the help of the asymmetrical waveguide–cavity couplings. Furthermore, the influence of dissipation on the routing capability is investigated. It is shown that the present single-photon router is robust against the dissipative process of the system, especially the atomic dissipation. These results are expected to be applicable in quantum information processing and design quantum devices with dynamical modulation.
Routing of photon play a key role in optical communication networks and quantum networks. Although the quantum routing of signals has been investigated in various systems both in theory and experiment, the general form of quantum routing with multi-output terminals still needs to be explored. Here, we propose an experimentally accessible tunable single-photon multi-channel routing scheme using a optomechanics cavity coulomb coupling to a nanomechanical resonator. The router can extract a single-photon from the coherent input signal directly modulate into three different output channels. More important, the two output signal frequencies can be selected by adjusting Coulomb coupling strength. We also demonstrate the vacuum and thermal noise will be insignificant for the optical performance of the single-photon router at temperature of the order of 20 mK. Our proposal may have paved a new avenue towards multi-channel router and quantum network.
Abstract Routing of photons plays a key role in optical communication networks and quantum networks. Although the quantum routing of signals has been investigated for various systems, both in theory and experiment, the general form of a quantum router with multi-output terminals still needs to be explored. Here, we propose an experimentally accessible tunable single-photon multi-channel routing scheme using an optomechanics cavity which is Coulomb coupled to a nanomechanical resonator. The router can extract single photons from the coherent input signal and directly modulate them into three different output channels. More importantly, the two output signal frequencies can be selected by adjusting the Coulomb coupling strength. For application purposes, we justify that there is insignificant influence from the vacuum and thermal noises on the performance of the router under cryogenic conditions. Our proposal may pave a new avenue towards multi-channel routers and quantum networks.