Terahertz, RF, Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications

An experimental design for studying on the quantum Zeno effect in solid-state material

Tianxin Yang, Haihao Dong, Chunfeng Ge

Published Mar 3, 2021• 0 citations

Abstract

It has been shown that the quantum Zeno effect can be used to inhibit the evolution of a quantum state, for example the transition of a particle of a two-state system would be hindered if it was observed frequently enough. The observations can be realized by an optical pulse source at very high pulse repetition rate. The effect could be used to realize the power amplification in RF or THz domain without population reversal because the simulated absorption from lower state could be suppressed. So far, some applications of Zeno effect have been demonstrated in a few material systems which are mostly gaseous state or trapped atoms or ions. In this paper we designed an experiment to show the Zeno effect in a solid-state material, i.e. bilayer graphene.

DOI: 10.1117/12.2586855

Related papers

Analysis of the Quantum Zeno Effect Application to Ensure the Stability of Qubits

Andrey A. Borisov, Anton A. Borisov, Timur F. Kamalov

The quantum Zeno effect lies in the suppression of the quantum system’s evolution due to frequent successive measurements, which leads to the inhibition of transitions between quantum states. The paper presumes that a qubit can be found in an excited state |1) or in the non-excited state |0). The work aims to investigate how the quantum Zeno effect can be applied to the stable excited state of a qubit to prevent its spontaneous transition to the state |0). An As atom is exploited as the physical realization of a qubit, and it is suggested to register its quantum state using the scanning probe microscopy methods. The work demonstrates the condition necessary for the occurrence of the quantum Zeno effect in the system under study. Calculation results show that the diameter of the excited-state As atom orbit is 1.5 times larger than the diameter of an unexcited atom orbit. This ratio serves as an experimental criterion for identifying the state of a qubit.

Izvestiya of Altai State UniversityOct 14, 20260 citations

Quantum Zeno effect in atomic Bragg scattering

Sigurd Dyrting, M. J. Gagen

We propose an experiment to observe the quantum Zeno effect in atomic Bragg scattering. The quantum Zeno effect is the inhibition of the free evolution of a system when that system is subject to a decohering measurement process. This effect is usually studied theoretically in an idealized two-level system, though this system has been difficult to realize in practice. The coherent population exchange between the forward and Bragg beams provides an ideal two-level system, though as there is no practical scheme for continuously monitoring the motion of an atom we include decoherence by adding noise to the laser. Using the method of stochastic Hamiltonians we show that the noise suppresses tunneling in the two-state system and, in the large noise limit, the system can freeze in its initial state.

Physical Review AAug 1, 19974 citations

Quantum Zeno Effect and Atomic Population Inversion

Jiuming Li

Quantum Zeno effect can be applied to quantum information processing，and can reveal the nature of quantum measurement. In addition, it has also many potential applications. This suggests that studying the quantum Zeno effect has great theoretical and experimental significance. In this work, the system of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode field is considered and the dynamics of the system subjected to successive projection measurements is studied, and the quantum Zeno effect is presented. Moreover, the influence of the quantum Zeno effect on atomic population inversion is discussed. Based on Schrödinger equation, the survival probability of the initial state of the two-level atom subjected to frequently repeated measurements can be obtained. The survival probability depends on the time interval between measurements. It is seen that the exponential decay of the system under slowly frequent measurements is presented instead of the naturally oscillatory process. For slowly repeated measurements the atomic population inversion and the survival probability of initial state decline rapidly at the early time and then both of them become unchanged. As the time intervals of the measurements are sufficiently short, the quantum Zeno effect occurs. These results have also shown how the measurement can inhibit the atomic population inversion.

American Journal of Modern PhysicsJan 1, 20180 citations

Demonstration of the quantum Zeno effect with laser-cooled ions

Wayne M. Itano, Daniel J. Heinzen, J. J. Bollinger +1 more

Laser-cooled ions stored in Penning traps are essentially free from collisions and other perturbations that could cause relaxations. This, and the fact that their energy levels can easily be manipulated with rf and laser radiation, makes them well suited for demonstrating certain aspects of quantum measurement theory. The quantum Zeno effect is the inhibition of transitions between states by frequent measurements.1 We have observed this effect in a 9Be+ ground-state rf transition. The measurements are short pulses of light. If the ion is in one state, it scatters a few photons; if it is in the other, it scatters no photons. In the latter case the wavefunction collapse is due to a null measurement.2 The dynamics of this system are similar to those which are predicted to lead to nonexponential spontaneous decay at short times.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of AmericaJan 1, 19890 citations

Observation of quantum Zeno effect in a superconducting flux qubit

Kosuke Kakuyanagi, Tatsuya Baba, Yuichiro Matsuzaki +3 more

When a quantum state is subjected to frequent measurements, the time evolution of the quantum state is frozen. This is called the quantum Zeno effect. Here, we observe such an effect by performing frequent discrete measurements in a macroscopic quantum system, a superconducting quantum bit. The quantum Zeno effect induced by discrete measurements is similar to the original idea of the quantum Zeno effect. By using a Josephson bifurcation amplifier pulse readout, we have experimentally suppressed the time evolution of Rabi oscillation using projective measurements, and also observed the enhancement of the quantum state holding time by shortening the measurement period time. This is a crucial step to realize quantum information processing using the quantum Zeno effect.

New Journal of PhysicsJun 25, 201539 citations

Quantum Zeno Blockade for Next Generation Optical Switching in Fiber Systems

Gregory S. Kanter, M. S. Shahriar

Abstract : All-optical switching is crucial for efficient optical communications. The quantum Zeno effect can be used to induce or inhibit optical switching through a variety of processes, all of which share the common characteristic that the evolution of one quantum state into another be inhibited or induced based on the presence or absence of a controllable and continuous quantum measurement. By utilizing this effect, it is the goal of this project to design and construct ultra-low power dissipation, ultra-low volume, fast all-optical switches. In particular, a fundamental limit in existing all-optical switching devices is due to the photon loss resulting from signal-pump coupling. When extended to the quantum domain, this photon loss additionally causes the quantum states of photonic signals to collapse (i.e., decohere). By using the quantum Zeno effect (QZE), it is possible to realize interaction-free switching that eliminates direct signal-pump coupling i.e., QZE for all-optical switching.

Sep 1, 20130 citations