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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Stabilization of squeezing beyond 3 dB in a microwave resonator by reservoir engineering.

Rémy Dassonneville, Réouven Assouly, Théau Peronnin, Aashish A. Clerk, Audrey Bienfait, Benjamin Huard

Published Mar 15, 2021• 0 citations
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Quantum squeezing of a mechanical resonator

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Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 15, 2016•0 citations
While a propagating state of light can be generated with arbitrary squeezing by pumping a parametric resonator, the intraresonator state is limited to 3 dB of squeezing.Here, we implement a reservoir-engineering method to surpass this limit using superconducting circuits.Two-tone pumping of a three-wave-mixing element implements an effective coupling to a squeezed bath, which stabilizes a squeezed state inside the resonator.Using an ancillary superconducting qubit as a probe allows us to perform a direct Wigner tomography of the intraresonator state.The raw measurement provides a lower bound on the squeezing at about 6.7 ± 0.2 dB below the zero-point level.Further, we show how to correct for resonator evolution during the Wigner tomography and obtain a squeezing as high as 8.2 ± 0.8 dB.Moreover, this level of squeezing is achieved with a purity of 0.91 ± 0.09.
We use a reservoir engineering technique based on two-tone driving to generate and stabilize a quantum squeezed state of a micron-scale mechanical oscillator in a microwave optomechanical system. Using an independent backaction-evading measurement to directly quantify the squeezing, we observe 4.7±0.9 dB of squeezing below the zero-point level surpassing the 3 dB limit of standard parametric squeezing techniques. Our measurements also reveal evidence for an additional mechanical parametric effect. The interplay between this effect and the optomechanical interaction enhances the amount of squeezing obtained in the experiment.
We discuss how large amounts of steady-state quantum squeezing (beyond 3 dB) of a mechanical resonator can be obtained by driving an optomechanical cavity with two control lasers with differing amplitudes. The scheme does not rely on any explicit measurement or feedback, nor does it simply involve a modulation of an optical spring constant. Instead, it uses a dissipative mechanism with the driven cavity acting as an engineered reservoir. It can equivalently be viewed as a coherent feedback process, obtained by minimally perturbing the quantum nondemolition measurement of a single mechanical quadrature. This shows that in general the concepts of coherent feedback schemes and reservoir engineering are closely related. We analyze how to optimize the scheme, how the squeezing scales with system parameters, and how it may be directly detected from the cavity output. Our scheme is extremely general, and could also be implemented with, e.g., superconducting circuits.