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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Nonlinear response and crosstalk of strongly driven spin qubits

Xiao Xue, Mohammad Mehmandoost, Brennan Undseth, Maximilian Russ, Nodar Samkharadze, Amir Sammak, Giordano Scappucci, V. V. Dobrovitski, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen

Published Mar 18, 2021• 0 citations
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In electric dipole spin resonance (EDSR), a single spin is electrically driven in the field gradient produced by a micromagnet. While EDSR has enabled high fidelity gate operations in many devices, there are reports of unexpected non-linearities in the Rabi frequency as a function of microwave drive amplitude. We carefully measure the response of Loss-DiVincenzo (LD) single spin qubits to resonant drives as well as simultaneous resonant and off-resonant drives, as would be encountered in a realistic quantum processor. With the microwave amplitude carefully calibrated, we find that the Rabi frequency scales linearly with drive amplitude, even when all three spins are driven simultaneously. We also determine that heating-induced resonance frequency shifts from off-resonant drives are comparable to typical temporal drifts. Our results indicate that the previously observed nonlinear response is not a general feature of LD spin qubits.
Frequency multiplexing of operations is an attractive strategy to control multiple qubits simultaneously in a spin-based quantum processor with relatively few control lines. However, high-fidelity operation demands good spectral addressability and noncontextual spin dynamics. The authors explore an unexpected crosstalk mechanism, in which the Rabi frequency of one spin changes markedly depending on the simultaneous operation of another. They also connect this behavior to another surprising feature: the nonlinear scaling of Rabi frequency with resonant driving amplitude. These results provide insight into the challenges that such state-of-the-art control methods will face.
In gate-based dispersive sensing, the response of a resonator attached to a quantum dot gate is detected by a reflected radio frequency signal. This enables fast readout of spin qubits and tune up of arrays of quantum dots but comes at the expense of increased susceptibility to crosstalk, as the resonator can amplify spurious signals and induce fluctuations in the quantum dot potential. We attach tank circuits with superconducting NbN inductors and internal quality factors Qi>1000 to the interdot barrier gate of silicon double quantum dot devices. Measuring the interdot transition in transport, we quantify radio frequency crosstalk that results in a ring-up of the resonator when neighboring plunger gates are driven with frequency components matching the resonator frequency. This effect complicates qubit operation and scales with the loaded quality factor of the resonator, the mutual capacitance between device gate electrodes, and with the inverse of the parasitic capacitance to ground. Setting qubit frequencies below the resonator frequency is expected to substantially suppress this type of crosstalk.