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Bulletin of Pure & Applied Sciences- Physics

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Effect for Two Level Ensemble Using Multi Mode-Silicon Waveguide Coupled to Plasmonic Resonator Array

Jitendra Kumar Paswan, Sippy Kumari

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have studied the electromagnetically induced transparency for a two level ensemble interacting with two orthogonal optical modes. We have made a approach for a multimode silicon waveguide coupled to a plasmonic resonator array. We have shown that a simple periodic ensemble of resonant metal nanoparticles within a dielectric waveguide supported a transparent waveguide plasmon polariton mode for guided slow light propagation. Such systems inhert the strongly dispersive properties of the nanoparticles embedded in the waveguide but do not succumb to the associated absorptive losses by utilizing the system’s transparency Light propagation through the system provided extremely strong dispersion from the resonators, but suffers very low propagation loss by exploiting the system’s transparency. Dispersion is controllable by tuning the coupling strength of localized plasmon and waveguide modes. We have found that atomic electromagnetically induced transparency occurred for a non zero pump field allowing mutual coupling of all states and induced destructive quantum interference of the probe field’s absorption via the transition. The obtained results were found in good agreement with previously obtained results.

DOI
10.5958/2320-3218.2020.00028.7

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We have studied the electromagnetically induced transparency for a two level ensemble interacting with two orthogonal optical modes. We have made a approach for a multimode silicon waveguide coupled to a plasmonic resonator array. We have shown that a simple periodic ensemble of resonant metal nanoparticles within a dielectric waveguide supported a transparent waveguide plasmon polariton mode for guided slow light propagation. Such systems inhert the strongly dispersive properties of the nanoparticles embedded in the waveguide but do not succumb to the associated absorptive losses by utilizing the system’s transparency Light propagation through the system provided extremely strong dispersion from the resonators, but suffers very low propagation loss by exploiting the system’s transparency. Dispersion is controllable by tuning the coupling strength of localized plasmon and waveguide modes. We have found that atomic electromagnetically induced transparency occurred for a non zero pump field allowing mutual coupling of all states and induced destructive quantum interference of the probe field’s absorption via the transition. The obtained results were found in good agreement with previously obtained results.
We present a classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency occurring when light is absorbed by a two-dimensional lattice of metallic spheres mounted on an asymmetric dielectric waveguide. The transparency is manifested as a spectral hole within the surface-plasmon absorption peak of the metallic spheres and is a result of destructive interference of the waveguide modes with incident radiation. The presence of transparency windows is accompanied by slow light effect wherein the group velocity is reduced by a factor of 6000. At the same time, the minimum length for storing a bit of information is of the order of 100 nm. The proposed setup is a much easier means to achieve transparency and slow light compared to existing atomic, solid-state, and photonic systems and allows for the realization of ultracompact optical delay lines and buffers.
An all-optical switch composed of two interacting nanoparticles in front of an optical dielectric slab waveguide is proposed. An incident optical signal is coupled to the optical waveguide after scattering by the two nanoparticles. The scattered fields interfere constructively or destructively depending on the degree of optical transparency the nanoparticles induced by an optical control signal. The considered nanoparticles have a metallic core coated by an outer shell with three-level clusters such that the nanoparticles can exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency. A dipole-approximation model-based analysis reveals that a high rejection ratio can be achieved using the proposed configuration.
Electromagnetically induced transparency-like (EIT-like) effect is a promising research area for applications of slow light, sensing and metamaterials. The EIT-like effect is generally formed by the destructive interference of bright-dark mode coupling and bright-bright mode coupling. There are seldom reports about EIT-like effect realized by the coupling of two dark modes. In this paper, we numerically and theoretically demonstrated that the EIT-like effect is achieved through dark-dark mode coupling of two waveguide resonances in a compound nanosystem with metal grating and multilayer structure. If we introduce |1⟩, |2⟩ and |3⟩ to represent the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) resonance, waveguide resonance in layer 2, and waveguide resonance in layer 4, the destructive interference occurs between two pathways of |0⟩→|1⟩→|2⟩ and |0⟩→|1⟩→|2⟩→|3⟩→|2⟩, where |0⟩ is the ground state without excitation. Our work will stimulate more studies on EIT-like effect with dark-dark mode coupling in other systems.
A classical effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is demonstrated in a dielectric slab waveguide at visible frequencies. Two nano-sized elliptical silver particles are placed inside the waveguide core layer, and their localized plasmonic resonances are utilized to obtain bright and dark states. The destructive interference between the two resonance paths leads to an EIT-like transmission spectrum of the waveguide. The contrast between the transmission peak and dip can be further enhanced by incorporating the Fabry-Perot resonance effect. The influence of Joule loss on the EIT performance is also investigated.
We theoretically and numerically investigate a low-power, ultrafast, and dynamic all-optical tunable plasmonic analog to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two nanodisk resonators side-coupled to a metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguide system. The optical Kerr effect is enhanced by the slow light effect of the plasmonic EIT-like effect and the plasmonic waveguide based on graphene-Ag composite material structures with giant effective Kerr nonlinear coefficient. The optical Kerr effect modulation method is applied to improve tuning rate with response time of subpicoseconds or even femtoseconds. With dynamically tuning the propagation phase of the plasmonic waveguide, π-phase shift of the transmission spectrum in the plasmonic EIT-like system is achieved under excitation of a pump light with an intensity as low as 5.85 MW/cm2. The group delay is controlled between 0.09 and 0.4 ps. All observed schemes are analyzed rigorously through finite-difference time-domain simulations and coupled-mode formalism. Results show a new direction toward the low power consumption and ultrafast responses of integration plasmonic photonic devices and all-optical dynamical storage of light devices in optical communication and quantum information processing.
Slow light technique has significant potential applications in many contemporary photonic device developments for integrated all-optical circuit, such as buffers, regenerators, switches and interferometers. In this paper, we present an efficient coupling mechanism of an electromagnetically induced transparency like (EIT-like) effect in an all-dielectric nano-metamaterial. This EIT-like effect is generated by destructive interference between a radiative Fabry-Perot (FP) mode and a dark waveguide (WG) mode, which is based on a combined structure of a dielectric grating and multilayer films. The dark WG mode is excited by guided mode of dielectric grating instead of radiative FP mode. In analogy to the molecular transition process, the FP mode, guided mode and WG mode are denoted by excited states of |1〉, |2〉 and |3〉. The two coupling pathways of the EIT-like effect in our metamaterial are |0〉 → |1〉 and |0〉 → |2〉 → |3〉 → |1〉, where |0〉 is the ground state. The simulated resonant wavelength of WG mode is consistent with theoretical result. We further confirm this EIT-like effect through a two-oscillator coupling analysis. We achieve a group refractive index of 913.6 by adjusting these two modes coupling of the EIT-like effect, which is useful for developing slow light device. This work provides a valuable solution to realize electromagnetically induced transparency in all-dielectric nanomaterial.