Some exact results on lattice models in two dimensions

Bin Liu, Moshe Gitterman

The critical temperatures of the Ising model can be obtained by considering the elementary cells of the corresponding lattice, namely the square lattice in two dimensions and the cube in three dimensions. The configurations in the statistical sum of a cell are divided into nondegenerate and degenerate cases. At the critical temperature of the infinite lattice the contributions of these two groups of configurations are assumed to be equal. This conjecture reproduces the exact Onsager result for two dimensions and the numerical result for the three-dimensional Ising lattices. Although this conjecture is not exact, it gives insight into the nature of the transitions.

J. Chris Eilbeck

Yves Brihaye, Piotr Kosiński

Moallison F. Cavalcante

This work consists in investigating the phases and transition between them in a magnetic model, namely the Baxter-Wu (B-W) model, in different spatial dimensions. Although the model was originally proposed for a two-dimensional triangular lattice, we will here make a generalization for one- and three-dimensional lattices as well. In one-dimension, the model can be treated by means of the transfer matrix technique. Although it is an exact procedure, in which the system does not present any phase transition, the results can not be written in a closed analytical form for non-zero external field, and are given by the eigenvalues of a non-Hermitian matrix. For zero external field, the partition function is calculated. In two and three dimensions the model is studied using the Mean Field Theory (MFT), using the scheme based on the Bogoliubov inequality. In this treatment, we use blocks of a single spin, a triangle of spins, and in two and three dimensions the exact results for the one-dimensional network. Although the values of the transition temperature are close to the expected values for each lattice, the transition is always of first order, whereas the exact results for the two-dimensional triangular lattice confirm a second-order transition.

Paul Fendley, Kareljan Schoutens

We derive exact results for a model of strongly interacting spinless fermions hopping on a two-dimensional lattice. By exploiting supersymmetry, we find the number and type of ground states exactly. Exploring various lattices and limits, we show how the ground states can be frustrated, quantum critical, or combine frustration with a Wigner crystal. We show that on generic lattices the model is in an exotic "superfrustrated" state characterized by an extensive ground-state entropy.

Fa Yueh Wu