Are There Quantum Jumps? (With 3 Figures)

Arkadiusz Jadczyk

Using the Clifford algebra formalism we extend the quantum jumps algorithm of the Event Enhanced Quantum Theory (EEQT) to convex state figures other than those stemming from convex hulls of com-plex projective spaces that form the basis for the standard quantum theory. We study quantum jumps on n-dimensional spheres, jumps that are induced by symmetric configurations of non-commuting state monitoring detectors. The detectors cause quantum jumps via geomet-rically induced conformal maps (Möbius transformations) and realize iterated function systems (IFS) with fractal attractors located on n-dimensional spheres. We also extend the formalism to mixed states, represented by “density matrices ” in the standard formalism, (the n-balls), but such an extension does not lead to new results, as there is a natural mechanism of purification of states. As a numerical illustration we study quantum fractals on the circle (one-dimensional sphere and pentagon), two–sphere (octahedron), and on three-dimensional sphere (hypercube-tesseract, 24 cell, 600 cell, and 120 cell). The attractor, and the invariant measure on the attractor, are approximated by the powers of the Markov operator. In the appendices we discuss the Hamilton’s “icossian calculus ” and its application to quaternionic realization of the binary icosahedral group that is at the basis of the 600 cell and its dual, the 120 cell. 1 1

J. S. Bell

J. S. Bell

Xue Zou

Based on the open-loop and closed-loop theory of Daojing, a novel physical mechanism and calculation formula for electronic transitions are proposed. The Bohr radius and the hydrogen atom energy level formula are derived. For a total of 26 hydrogen spectral lines across the Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, Brackett, and Pfund series, the theoretical calculation results are consistent with public experimental data within four significant figures. This demonstrates that quantization is an inevitable result of closed-loop stability, rather than an artificial hypothesis, and that electronic transitions are a continuous transition of closed-loop dynamic periodic modes, rather than an instantaneous quantum jump.

Axel Schenzle, Ralph G. DeVoe, Richard G. Brewer

Firyuza Yanchilina, Vasily L. Yanchilin

The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics contains a fundamental refuse to visualize quantum processes, so as not to conflict with common sense. The lack of visualization creates a problem in understanding quantum mechanics. We are exploring a new type of motion, which has not been previously considered either in physics or in mathematics. This type of motion makes it possible to correctly describe and visualize the bizarre quantum processes, including quantum jumps, nonlocality, quantum entanglement, wave-particle duality, and so on. We also made some simple figures of these quantum processes using a new type of movement. Visualization of quantum processes will help to better understand quantum mechanics not only for researchers and students but also for lay readers interested in quantum physics.