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CRC Press eBooks

Quantum Phase Transitions in Spin-Boson Systems: Dissipa- tion and Light Phenomena

Karyn Le Hur

Published Nov 2, 2010• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Karyn Le Hur Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, U.S.A. Spin-boson models are useful in the understanding of quantum optics, nuclear physics, quantum dissipation, and quantum computation. We discuss quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in various spin-boson Hamiltonians, and compare and contrast them. We summarize theoretical concepts and results; open questions and implementations of these ideas in cold atomic and QED cavity systems will also be addressed. The chapter is organized as follows.

DOI
10.1201/b10273-16

Related papers

Quantum Phase Transitions in Spin-Boson Systems: Dissipation and Light Phenomena

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Journal of Physics Conference Series•Feb 27, 2012•0 citations
Karyn Le Hur Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, U.S.A. Spin-boson models are useful in the understanding of quantum optics, nuclear physics, quantum dissipation, and quantum computation. We discuss quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in various spin-boson Hamiltonians, and compare and contrast them. We summarize theoretical concepts and results; open questions and implementations of these ideas in cold atomic and QED cavity systems will also be addressed. The chapter is organized as follows.
Quantum phase transitions are strongly relevant in a number of fields, ranging from condensed matter to cold atom physics and quantum field theory. This book, now in its second edition, approaches the problem of quantum phase transitions from a new and unifying perspective. Topics addressed include the concepts of scale and time invariance and their significance for quantum criticality, as well as brand new chapters on superfluid and superconductor quantum critical points, and quantum first order transitions. The renormalisation group in real and momentum space is also established as the proper language to describe the behaviour of systems close to a quantum phase transition. These phenomena introduce a number of theoretical challenges which are of major importance for driving new experiments. Being strongly motivated and oriented towards understanding experimental results, this is an excellent text for graduates, as well as theorists, experimentalists and those with an interest in quantum criticality.
Abstract Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) represent a quickly developing subject of theoretical and experimental research. Nuclear physics contributed to the formation of the QPT concept in the 1970s and remains an area where new viewpoints and original approaches to criticality in many-body systems can be created. In this review, we present a comprehensible introduction to the subject, with an emphasis on the role of nuclear physics, and point out some specific features of QPTs in the systems that exhibit an effective separation of some collective degrees of freedom. The focus on collectivity, which stems from the nuclear context, is an essential ingredient of our treatise. It leads to some consequences that find application in nuclei as well as in a wide spectrum of non-nuclear systems.