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Characterizing teleportation in optics

Timothy C. Ralph, P K Lam, R E S Polkinghorne

Published Jan 1, 1999• 20 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We discuss the characterization of continuous variable, optical quantum teleportation in terms of the two quadrature signal transfer and conditional variances between the input and output states. We derive criteria which clearly define the classical limits and highlight interesting operating points which are not obvious from a calculation of the fidelity of the teleportation alone. 1.

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arXiv:quant-ph/0207179•Physical Review A•Mar 10, 2003•336 citations
We discuss the characterization of continuous variable, optical quantum teleportation in terms of the two quadrature signal transfer and conditional variances between the input and output states. We derive criteria which clearly define the classical limits and highlight interesting operating points which are not obvious from a calculation of the fidelity of the teleportation alone. 1.
We derive an experimentally testable criterion for the teleportation of quantum states of continuous variables. This criterion is especially relevant to the recent experiment of Furusawa et al. [Science 282, 706-709 (1998)] where an input-output fidelity of 0.58pm0.020.58 \\pm 0.020.58pm0.02 was achieved for optical coherent states. Our derivation demonstrates that fidelities greater than 1/2 could not have been achieved through the use of a classical channel alone; quantum entanglement was a crucial ingredient in the experiment.
The efficiency of continuous-variable quantum teleportation is typically quantified by fidelity especially in experiment. From the original definition of fidelity in two pure states, we give an expansion of fidelity which is related to the variances of output and input states. With a coherent or a squeezed input state, it is convenient to quantify the quantum teleportation experiment, since the variances of quadrature components of the input and output states are measurable. Furthermore, the fidelity was discussed when the quantum channel lies in the phase- and amplitude-noisy environment, which is unavoidable in experiment, and this showed that the effect of phase noise on teleportation is more sensitive than that of the amplitude-noisy environment. The classical fidelity limit of squeezed state quantum teleportation is also obtained when the entanglement resources do not exist.
We report the experimental demonstration of quantum teleportation of the quadrature amplitudes of a light field. Our experiment was stably locked for long periods, and was analyzed in terms of fidelity F\mathcal{F}F and with signal transfer ${T}_{q}{=T}^{+}{+T}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and noise correlation ${V}_{q}{=V}_{\mathrm{in}\mathrm{|}\mathrm{}\mathrm{out}}^{+}{V}_{\mathrm{in}\mathrm{|}\mathrm{}\mathrm{out}}^{\ensuremath{-}}.$ We observed an optimum fidelity of $0.64\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02,$ ${T}_{q}=1.06\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02,$ and ${V}_{q}=0.96\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10.$ We discuss the significance of both Tq>1{T}_{q}>1Tq​>1 and Vq<1{V}_{q}<1Vq​<1 and their relation to the teleportation no-cloning limit.