Оптика и спектроскопия

Наблюдение когерентных осцилляций населенности NV-центров в алмазе в микроволновом диапазоне

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Л.А. Гущин, I. V. Zelensky, В. А. Низов, Н. А. Низов, Д.А. Собгайда

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations

Abstract

We demonstrate experimental results showing narrow features in room temperature optically detected magnetic resonance spectra that appear when the ground state transitions are driven by bichromatic or amplitude modulated microwave radiation. We study the dependence of the feature parameters on the intensity of optical radiation and microwave radiation power.

DOI: 10.21883/os.2021.03.50656.265-20

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Наблюдение когерентного пленения населенности в ансамблях NV-центров в алмазе в условиях антипересечения уровней основного состояния

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Fluorescence and magnetic resonance spectra of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions in single crystals of LaCl3

CLYDE A. JUN. HUTCHISON, S. G. Utterback, Philip Meadows Martineau

Physical review. B, Condensed matterMar 1, 19894 citations

Оптика и спектроскопия

Наблюдение когерентных осцилляций населенности NV-центров в алмазе в микроволновом диапазоне

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Л.А. Гущин, I. V. Zelensky, В. А. Низов, Н. А. Низов, Д.А. Собгайда

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.21883/os.2021.03.50656.265-20

Related papers

Observation of Coherent Population Oscillations in NV Centers in Diamond in the Microwave Spectral Range

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Л. А. Гущин, I. V. Zelenskii +3 more

Optics and SpectroscopyMar 1, 20211 citation

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Л.А. Гущин, I. V. Zelensky +4 more

Оптика и спектроскопияJan 1, 20231 citation

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, I. V. Zelensky, Л.А. Гущин +3 more

Журнал технической физикиJan 1, 20191 citation

RSL AND ODMR SPECTROSCOPY OF NV CENTERS IN ⟨111⟩ DIAMOND NANOLAYERS AND PILLARS AFTER THE IMPACT OF A GA+ FOCUSED ION BEAM

I. A. Kartashov, Sergey N. Podlesny, V. A. Antonov +2 more

Исследованы спектральные характеристики оптически детектируемого магнитного резонанса отрицательно заряженных центров азот-вакансия (NV-) в синтетических алмазах и наностолбах на их поверхности, сформированных сфокусированным ионным пучком Ga+ при заселении нижних спиновых подуровней микроволновым излучением. В ходе исследований для проявляющихся спиновых резонансов при различных значениях внешнего магнитного поля выявлено как существенное уменьшение гиромагнитного соотношения, так и существенное падение контраста фотолюминесценции для направлений центров NV-, наклонных к оси наностолбов вследствие остаточных дефектов от ионного травления, регистрируемых на спектрах комбинационного рассеяния света в форме пиков от аморфного углерода и графита и создаваемых ими напряжений. The spectral characteristics of optically detectable magnetic resonance (ODMR) are investigated for negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in synthetic diamonds and nanopillars on their surface formed by a Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB), when lower spin sublevels are populated with the microwave radiation in 0-20 G magnetic fields. Both a significant decrease in the gyromagnetic ratio and the quenching of luminescence from the NV- centers inclined to the nanopillar axis are revealed due to residual defects and stresses created by them.Исследованы спектральные характеристики оптически детектируемого магнитного резонанса отрицательно заряженных центров азот-вакансия (NV-) в синтетических алмазах и наностолбах на их поверхности, сформированных сфокусированным ионным пучком Ga+ при заселении нижних спиновых подуровней микроволновым излучением. В ходе исследований для проявляющихся спиновых резонансов при различных значениях внешнего магнитного поля выявлено как существенное уменьшение гиромагнитного соотношения, так и существенное падение контраста фотолюминесценции для направлений центров NV-, наклонных к оси наностолбов вследствие остаточных дефектов от ионного травления, регистрируемых на спектрах комбинационного рассеяния света в форме пиков от аморфного углерода и графита и создаваемых ими напряжений. The spectral characteristics of optically detectable magnetic resonance (ODMR) are investigated for negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in synthetic diamonds and nanopillars on their surface formed by a Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB), when lower spin sublevels are populated with the microwave radiation in 0-20 G magnetic fields. Both a significant decrease in the gyromagnetic ratio and the quenching of luminescence from the NV- centers inclined to the nanopillar axis are revealed due to residual defects and stresses created by them.

Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data ProcessingDec 29, 20230 citations

QDsiM: A Noise-Aware Simulation Toolkit for Quantum Diamond Microscope

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The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a leading solid-state platform for room-temperature quantum magnetometry owing to its long spin coherence times, optical spin initialization and readout, and high sensitivity to magnetic, electric, and thermal perturbations. As NV-based optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) systems transition from controlled laboratory environments toward portable and field-deployable sensors, a detailed understanding of realistic noise sources and experimental imperfections becomes essential for optimizing performance and sensitivity. In this work, we present a comprehensive simulation framework, i.e., a digital twin, for continuous-wave wide-field ODMR in NV-center ensembles. The model is built upon a physically consistent seven-level description of the NV center and incorporates a broad range of experimentally relevant noise and imperfection mechanisms as modular, parameterized components. These include laser and microwave amplitude fluctuations, microwave phase noise, uncertainty in the NV gyromagnetic ratio, spin dephasing, temperature-induced shifts of the ground-state zero-field splitting, surface-induced magnetic field perturbations, and photon shot noise. Power broadening and contrast degradation arising from optical and microwave driving are captured self-consistently through linewidth calculations. Also, the spatial inhomogeneity is modeled via a Gaussian laser intensity profile across the sensing region...The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a leading solid-state platform for room-temperature quantum magnetometry owing to its long spin coherence times, optical spin initialization and readout, and high sensitivity to magnetic, electric, and thermal perturbations. As NV-based optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) systems transition from controlled laboratory environments toward portable and field-deployable sensors, a detailed understanding of realistic noise sources and experimental imperfections becomes essential for optimizing performance and sensitivity. In this work, we present a comprehensive simulation framework, i.e., a digital twin, for continuous-wave wide-field ODMR in NV-center ensembles. The model is built upon a physically consistent seven-level description of the NV center and incorporates a broad range of experimentally relevant noise and imperfection mechanisms as modular, parameterized components. These include laser and microwave amplitude fluctuations, microwave phase noise, uncertainty in the NV gyromagnetic ratio, spin dephasing, temperature-induced shifts of the ground-state zero-field splitting, surface-induced magnetic field perturbations, and photon shot noise. Power broadening and contrast degradation arising from optical and microwave driving are captured self-consistently through linewidth calculations. Also, the spatial inhomogeneity is modeled via a Gaussian laser intensity profile across the sensing region...

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Fluorescence and magnetic resonance spectra of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions in single crystals of LaCl3

CLYDE A. JUN. HUTCHISON, S. G. Utterback, Philip Meadows Martineau

This article presents the results of experiments in which the 19 429.67-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ emission of an ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ laser is used to pump the ${Z}_{1}$ , $^{4}\mathrm{I}_{9/2}$ , \ensuremath{\mu}=(5/2\ensuremath{\rightarrow} ${F}_{1}$ , $^{2}\mathrm{G}_{9/2}$ , \ensuremath{\mu}=(1/2 transition of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ ions dilutely substituted at ${\mathrm{La}}^{3+}$ sites in ${\mathrm{LaCl}}_{3}$ crystals in an \ensuremath{\sim}1.6-K bath of liquid He. In some of the work ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ions are also present. When an external magnetic field is applied electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) absorption of microwave energy by either ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ or ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ results in marked intensity changes of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ fluorescence emissions. The essential new feature of this work is the observation of the importance of the effects of the heating of the crystal above the bath temperature by both optical and microwave absorption. The heating by phonons generated in the radiationless transitions associated with the optical pumping cycle results in the emission of 17 E and D ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ fluorescences not observed in previous work with the crystal at \ensuremath{\sim}1.6 K. Because of the encapsulation of the crystals in silica envelopes in these experiments, the heating effects are especially marked at higher laser powers.These new fluorescences result from the state population redistributions effected by the rise in temperature of the crystal. EPR microwave absorption by either ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ or ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ accompanied by spin-lattice relaxation results in a further increase in crystal temperature and further ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ state population redistributions with concommitant changes in the intensities of the fluorescence emissions from these states of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ . This affords a new mechanism for optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of these rare-earth ions. This new mechanism for ODMR produces optical signals strikingly different from those previously studied which result from the changes in the populations of the two components of the ground ${Z}_{1}$ doublet of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ produced by ${Z}_{1}$ microwave absorption or by microwave absorption by the ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ground doublet with subsequent transfer of Zeeman quanta between ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ and resultant changes in optical pumping rates and fluorescence emissions. The factors contributing to the new mechanism for ODMR also account for the observed changes with temperature in the characters of the decays of the ODMR signals when microwave irradiation is terminated. With constant intensity laser irradiation in the absence of external magnetic fields the 28 observed fluorescence emissions oscillate in synchrony at frequencies (1/2 to (1/3 Hz, when the laser irradiation intensity lies in a certain narrow range. Several mechanisms considered as explanations of this phenomenon have failed to account for its observed features. It is clear, however, that these oscillations of emission intensity are accompanied by oscillations in the temperature of the crystal and of the populations of the emitting states.This article presents the results of experiments in which the 19 429.67-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ emission of an ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ laser is used to pump the ${Z}_{1}$, $^{4}\mathrm{I}_{9/2}$, \ensuremath{\mu}=(5/2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${F}_{1}$, $^{2}\mathrm{G}_{9/2}$, \ensuremath{\mu}=(1/2 transition of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ ions dilutely substituted at ${\mathrm{La}}^{3+}$ sites in ${\mathrm{LaCl}}_{3}$ crystals in an \ensuremath{\sim}1.6-K bath of liquid He. In some of the work ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ions are also present. When an external magnetic field is applied electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) absorption of microwave energy by either ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ or ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ results in marked intensity changes of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ fluorescence emissions. The essential new feature of this work is the observation of the importance of the effects of the heating of the crystal above the bath temperature by both optical and microwave absorption. The heating by phonons generated in the radiationless transitions associated with the optical pumping cycle results in the emission of 17 E and D ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ fluorescences not observed in previous work with the crystal at \ensuremath{\sim}1.6 K. Because of the encapsulation of the crystals in silica envelopes in these experiments, the heating effects are especially marked at higher laser powers.These new fluorescences result from the state population redistributions effected by the rise in temperature of the crystal. EPR microwave absorption by either ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ or ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ accompanied by spin-lattice relaxation results in a further increase in crystal temperature and further ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ state population redistributions with concommitant changes in the intensities of the fluorescence emissions from these states of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$. This affords a new mechanism for optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of these rare-earth ions. This new mechanism for ODMR produces optical signals strikingly different from those previously studied which result from the changes in the populations of the two components of the ground ${Z}_{1}$ doublet of ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ produced by ${Z}_{1}$ microwave absorption or by microwave absorption by the ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ground doublet with subsequent transfer of Zeeman quanta between ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ and resultant changes in optical pumping rates and fluorescence emissions. The factors contributing to the new mechanism for ODMR also account for the observed changes with temperature in the characters of the decays of the ODMR signals when microwave irradiation is terminated. With constant intensity laser irradiation in the absence of external magnetic fields the 28 observed fluorescence emissions oscillate in synchrony at frequencies (1/2 to (1/3 Hz, when the laser irradiation intensity lies in a certain narrow range. Several mechanisms considered as explanations of this phenomenon have failed to account for its observed features. It is clear, however, that these oscillations of emission intensity are accompanied by oscillations in the temperature of the crystal and of the populations of the emitting states.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterMar 1, 19894 citations

This article presents the results of experiments in which the 19 429.67-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ emission of an

{\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}

laser is used to pump the

{Z}_{1}

^{4}\mathrm{I}_{9/2}

, \ensuremath{\mu}=(5/2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}

{F}_{1}

^{2}\mathrm{G}_{9/2}

, \ensuremath{\mu}=(1/2 transition of

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

ions dilutely substituted at

{\mathrm{La}}^{3+}

sites in

{\mathrm{LaCl}}_{3}

crystals in an \ensuremath{\sim}1.6-K bath of liquid He. In some of the work

{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}

ions are also present. When an external magnetic field is applied electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) absorption of microwave energy by either

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}

results in marked intensity changes of

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

fluorescence emissions. The essential new feature of this work is the observation of the importance of the effects of the heating of the crystal above the bath temperature by both optical and microwave absorption. The heating by phonons generated in the radiationless transitions associated with the optical pumping cycle results in the emission of 17 E and D

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

fluorescences not observed in previous work with the crystal at \ensuremath{\sim}1.6 K. Because of the encapsulation of the crystals in silica envelopes in these experiments, the heating effects are especially marked at higher laser powers.These new fluorescences result from the state population redistributions effected by the rise in temperature of the crystal. EPR microwave absorption by either

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}

accompanied by spin-lattice relaxation results in a further increase in crystal temperature and further

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

state population redistributions with concommitant changes in the intensities of the fluorescence emissions from these states of

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

. This affords a new mechanism for optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of these rare-earth ions. This new mechanism for ODMR produces optical signals strikingly different from those previously studied which result from the changes in the populations of the two components of the ground

{Z}_{1}

doublet of

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

produced by

{Z}_{1}

microwave absorption or by microwave absorption by the

{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}

ground doublet with subsequent transfer of Zeeman quanta between

{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}

and

{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}

and resultant changes in optical pumping rates and fluorescence emissions. The factors contributing to the new mechanism for ODMR also account for the observed changes with temperature in the characters of the decays of the ODMR signals when microwave irradiation is terminated. With constant intensity laser irradiation in the absence of external magnetic fields the 28 observed fluorescence emissions oscillate in synchrony at frequencies (1/2 to (1/3 Hz, when the laser irradiation intensity lies in a certain narrow range. Several mechanisms considered as explanations of this phenomenon have failed to account for its observed features. It is clear, however, that these oscillations of emission intensity are accompanied by oscillations in the temperature of the crystal and of the populations of the emitting states.