Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

International Conference on Photonics and Optical Engineering

Ptychographic attack on the double random amplitude-phase optical encoding system

Qian Wang, Tuo Li

Published Jan 15, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Double random amplitude-phase encoding (DRAPE) system is immune to the conventional phase retrieval attack. Here, we demonstrate that the DRAPE system is vulnerable to the ptychographic phase retrieval method. By using the ptychographic attack algorithm, the keys of DRAPE system can be cracked. Moreover, since the question of the optical cryptanalysis can be transformed into a problem of ptychography imaging system, the ptychographic attack may further promoted to other the optical image cryptosystems.

DOI
10.1117/12.2586730

Related papers

Attack on Optical Double Random Phase Encryption Based on the Principle of Ptychographical Imaging

Tuo Li, Yishi Shi

The principle of ptychography is applied in known plain text attack on the double random phase encoding (DRPE) system. We find that with several pairs of plain texts and cipher texts, the model of attack on DRPE can be converted to the model of ptychographical imaging. Owing to the inherent merits of the ptychographical imaging, the DRPE system can be breached totally in a fast and nearly perfect way, which is unavailable for currently existing attack methods. Further, since the decryption keys can be seen as an object to be imaged from the perspective of imaging, the ptychographical technique may be a kind of new direction to further analysis of the security of other encryption systems based on double random keys.

Chinese Physics Letters•Jan 1, 2016•7 citations

Iterative phase retrieval algorithms Part II: Attacking optical encryption systems

Changliang Guo, Shi Liu, John T. Sheridan

The modified iterative phase retrieval algorithms developed in Part I [Guo et al., Appl. Opt.54, 4698 (2015)] are applied to perform known plaintext and ciphertext attacks on amplitude encoding and phase encoding Fourier-transform-based double random phase encryption (DRPE) systems. It is shown that the new algorithms can retrieve the two random phase keys (RPKs) perfectly. The performances of the algorithms are tested by using the retrieved RPKs to decrypt a set of different ciphertexts encrypted using the same RPKs. Significantly, it is also shown that the DRPE system is, under certain conditions, vulnerable to ciphertext-only attack, i.e., in some cases an attacker can decrypt DRPE data successfully when only the ciphertext is intercepted.

Applied Optics•May 14, 2015•48 citations

Evaluations of phase-only double random phase encoding based on key-space analysis

Kazuya Nakano, Masafumi Takeda, Hiroyuki Suzuki +1 more

Although initial research shows that double-random phase encoding (DRPE) is vulnerable to known-plaintext attacks that use phase retrieval algorithms, subsequent research has shown that phase-only DRPE, in which the Fourier amplitude component of an image encrypted with classical DRPE remains constant, is resistant to attacks that apply phase retrieval algorithms. Herein, we numerically analyze the key-space of DRPE and investigate the distribution property of decryption keys for classical and phase-only DRPE. We determine the difference in the distribution property of successful decryption keys for these DRPE techniques from the numerical analysis results and then discuss the security offered by them.

Applied Optics•Feb 13, 2013•14 citations

Modified plaintext attacks in a session for an optical cryptosystem based on DRPE with PFS

Sachin, Ravi Kumar, Phool Singh

In this paper, the security of an optical cryptosystem based on double random phase encoding (DRPE) with perfect forward secrecy (PFS) is analyzed for a particular session. In the cryptosystem, the PFS strategy is utilized to enhance the security and key management of the traditional DRPE scheme. Our analysis reveals that the use of PFS has certain advantages in the key management approach, but the method is still vulnerable against modified plaintext attacks when the attack is performed in the same session. Also, it is noted that the method is safe against conventional plaintext attacks, but it is vulnerable to the modified chosen and known plaintext attacks. The original plaintext can be easily retrieved with the proposed attack algorithms. Numerical simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed attack algorithms.

Applied Optics•Dec 17, 2021•30 citations

Double random phase encoding using phase reservation and compression

Wen Chen, Xudong Chen

In recent years, various studies have been conducted to illustrate the vulnerability of double random phase encoding (DRPE). In this paper, we propose a novel method via phase reservation and compression to enhance DRPE security. Only a compressed phase distribution is available in the CCD plane, and the amplitude component is not available or requested for optical decryption. Since only noise-like distributions can be obtained by using the correct security keys during optical decryption, a nonlinear correlation algorithm is further applied for authenticating the decrypted image. It is demonstrated that valid conditions for attack algorithms are broken and high security can be achieved for the DRPE system.

Journal of Optics•Jan 22, 2014•75 citations

Virtual Optical Image Encryption Based on Random Amplitude-phase Encoding

Gen‐Quan Li

A new optical encryption approach,named Random Amplitude-phase Encoding(RAPE),is proposed by replacing one of the random phase plates by random amplitude plate in the Double Random phase Encoding(DRPE) system.First of all,we calculate the autocorrelation function of the encoded image,which indicates that the original image has been transformed to complex-amplitude stationary white noise.So this method leads to robustness against blind deconvolution.Then,computer simulations are carried out and the validity of the method is verified.At last,compared with the DRPE,some properties of this method are discussed.RAPE scheme has lower requirements for secret keys and behaves more robustly against partial key exposure attack.Nevertheless,we also point out that this system could only be realized by virtual optics.

Guangdian gongcheng•Jan 1, 2012•0 citations
Double random amplitude-phase encoding (DRAPE) system is immune to the conventional phase retrieval attack. Here, we demonstrate that the DRAPE system is vulnerable to the ptychographic phase retrieval method. By using the ptychographic attack algorithm, the keys of DRAPE system can be cracked. Moreover, since the question of the optical cryptanalysis can be transformed into a problem of ptychography imaging system, the ptychographic attack may further promoted to other the optical image cryptosystems.
The principle of ptychography is applied in known plain text attack on the double random phase encoding (DRPE) system. We find that with several pairs of plain texts and cipher texts, the model of attack on DRPE can be converted to the model of ptychographical imaging. Owing to the inherent merits of the ptychographical imaging, the DRPE system can be breached totally in a fast and nearly perfect way, which is unavailable for currently existing attack methods. Further, since the decryption keys can be seen as an object to be imaged from the perspective of imaging, the ptychographical technique may be a kind of new direction to further analysis of the security of other encryption systems based on double random keys.
The modified iterative phase retrieval algorithms developed in Part I [Guo et al., Appl. Opt.54, 4698 (2015)] are applied to perform known plaintext and ciphertext attacks on amplitude encoding and phase encoding Fourier-transform-based double random phase encryption (DRPE) systems. It is shown that the new algorithms can retrieve the two random phase keys (RPKs) perfectly. The performances of the algorithms are tested by using the retrieved RPKs to decrypt a set of different ciphertexts encrypted using the same RPKs. Significantly, it is also shown that the DRPE system is, under certain conditions, vulnerable to ciphertext-only attack, i.e., in some cases an attacker can decrypt DRPE data successfully when only the ciphertext is intercepted.
Although initial research shows that double-random phase encoding (DRPE) is vulnerable to known-plaintext attacks that use phase retrieval algorithms, subsequent research has shown that phase-only DRPE, in which the Fourier amplitude component of an image encrypted with classical DRPE remains constant, is resistant to attacks that apply phase retrieval algorithms. Herein, we numerically analyze the key-space of DRPE and investigate the distribution property of decryption keys for classical and phase-only DRPE. We determine the difference in the distribution property of successful decryption keys for these DRPE techniques from the numerical analysis results and then discuss the security offered by them.
In this paper, the security of an optical cryptosystem based on double random phase encoding (DRPE) with perfect forward secrecy (PFS) is analyzed for a particular session. In the cryptosystem, the PFS strategy is utilized to enhance the security and key management of the traditional DRPE scheme. Our analysis reveals that the use of PFS has certain advantages in the key management approach, but the method is still vulnerable against modified plaintext attacks when the attack is performed in the same session. Also, it is noted that the method is safe against conventional plaintext attacks, but it is vulnerable to the modified chosen and known plaintext attacks. The original plaintext can be easily retrieved with the proposed attack algorithms. Numerical simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed attack algorithms.
In recent years, various studies have been conducted to illustrate the vulnerability of double random phase encoding (DRPE). In this paper, we propose a novel method via phase reservation and compression to enhance DRPE security. Only a compressed phase distribution is available in the CCD plane, and the amplitude component is not available or requested for optical decryption. Since only noise-like distributions can be obtained by using the correct security keys during optical decryption, a nonlinear correlation algorithm is further applied for authenticating the decrypted image. It is demonstrated that valid conditions for attack algorithms are broken and high security can be achieved for the DRPE system.
A new optical encryption approach,named Random Amplitude-phase Encoding(RAPE),is proposed by replacing one of the random phase plates by random amplitude plate in the Double Random phase Encoding(DRPE) system.First of all,we calculate the autocorrelation function of the encoded image,which indicates that the original image has been transformed to complex-amplitude stationary white noise.So this method leads to robustness against blind deconvolution.Then,computer simulations are carried out and the validity of the method is verified.At last,compared with the DRPE,some properties of this method are discussed.RAPE scheme has lower requirements for secret keys and behaves more robustly against partial key exposure attack.Nevertheless,we also point out that this system could only be realized by virtual optics.