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Journal of Modern Optics

Asymmetric image encryption and authentication in interference-based scheme using random modulus decomposition

Guangyu Luan, Dongxin Wang, Caojun Huang

Published Oct 6, 2020• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme for asymmetric image encryption and authentication based on interference is proposed here by using sparse representation and random modulus decomposition. An original image is encoded into a complex value image in the Fresnel domain and then sparsely sampled to acquire the sparse spectrum. The sparse spectrum generates four phase-only masks using random modulus decomposition and the interference principle. No information concerning the original image, including its silhouette, can be extracted even if one, two, or three of the four phase-only masks are used for decryption. The parameters of random modulus decomposition provide additional keys for further strengthening the security of our scheme, and the four phase-only masks are all employed for decryption and authentication. Numerical simulations are used to verify the feasibility and security of this scheme.

DOI
10.1080/09500340.2020.1862325

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A scheme for asymmetric image encryption and authentication based on interference is proposed here by using sparse representation and random modulus decomposition. An original image is encoded into a complex value image in the Fresnel domain and then sparsely sampled to acquire the sparse spectrum. The sparse spectrum generates four phase-only masks using random modulus decomposition and the interference principle. No information concerning the original image, including its silhouette, can be extracted even if one, two, or three of the four phase-only masks are used for decryption. The parameters of random modulus decomposition provide additional keys for further strengthening the security of our scheme, and the four phase-only masks are all employed for decryption and authentication. Numerical simulations are used to verify the feasibility and security of this scheme.
We report an optical asymmetric scheme for double-image encryption and authentication based on interference using sparse representation. We employ sparse representation and interference to process the Fresnel spectra related with the two original images, and then respectively acquire two ciphertexts and two pairs of private keys. Each original image possesses its corresponding two private keys. Furthermore, the decrypted image is compared with its corresponding plaintext with the aid of a nonlinear correlation for authentication. In the proposed scheme, any information concerning each primary image and comprising its silhouette cannot be recognized even though one, two, or even three masks of the two ciphertexts and two private keys are utilized for decryption. The Fresnel spectrum functions which have different diffraction distances enhance the security of the proposal significantly. Moreover, the proposal also avoids the crosstalk problem. The effectiveness and security of this proposed method are demonstrated via numerical simulations.
We propose an asymmetric optical image encryption scheme with silhouette removal by using interference and equal modulus decomposition (EMD). Plaintext is first separated into two complex value masks with the same modulus using EMD in the Fresnel transform domain. The two masks are encoded into four phase-only masks (POMs), two of which are treated as ciphertexts and other two as plaintext-dependent private keys by using the inverse Fresnel transform with different diffraction distances and interference-based encryption. Any information about the plaintext, including its silhouette, cannot be retrieved using one, two, or even three of the four POMs. Our scheme also avoids the constraint of the same modulus in EMD and eliminates the vulnerability against the iterative amplitude-phase attack and advanced iterative amplitude-phase attack. Numerical simulations were used to verify the validity and security of our proposed method.
We report a novel optical method of interference-based multiple-image encryption and authentication via lateral shift multiplexing and sparsification. We encode multiple original images into two ciphertexts only containing partial information of the multiple images when the secret key generated randomly is laterally movable within a predefined interval, and we analytically derive the two other keys of each original image. Information discrimination for each original image as well as its silhouette is still prohibited in spite of the utilization of one, two, three, or even four masks for decryption. The three secret keys of each original image significantly improve the security of the proposed method, and binary amplitude masks are included in the decryption and authentication procedure. Moreover, the proposed scheme completely eliminates the cross-talk problem and destroys any high correlation between the plaintexts and ciphertexts. Numerical simulations are executed to prove the effectiveness and security of this scheme.
We develop a phase-modulated optical system with sparse representation for information encoding and authentication. The optical cryptosystem is developed with cascaded phase-only masks, and the plaintext is encoded into the cascaded phase-only masks based on an iterative phase retrieval algorithm during the encryption. Two simple strategies are developed to generate sparse data: The sparse data are randomly generated from the extracted phase-only masks, and sparse data are randomly generated from the plaintext. These two sparsity strategies are respectively used in the proposed optical security system, and the decrypted images cannot visually render information about the plaintext. Optical authentication method is further applied to verify the decrypted images. It is illustrated that the optical authentication operation with sparsity strategy can provide an additional security layer for the optical security system.
This work reports an optical double-image crosstalk free encryption scheme that employs equal modulus decomposition and random masks. For the encryption, two plaintexts by a random amplitude mask and a random phase mask have been encrypted into a single ciphertext mask and two private key masks. Owing to the two random masks introduced, the functional relation between the plaintext pair and the ciphertext indirectly cause the paucity of constraints employed for the specific attack. Unlike the traditional phase-truncation-based techniques, this scheme is immune to the information leakage and different types of attacks. Furthermore, the three different diffraction distances and the illuminating wavelength also function as four additional keys to significantly reinforce the security. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposal.
We propose a novel optical information encryption and authentication scheme that uses asymmetric keys generated by the phase-truncation approach and the phase-retrieval algorithm. Multiple images bonded with random phase masks are Fourier transformed, and obtained spectra are amplitude- and phase-truncated. The phase-truncated spectra are encoded into a single random intensity image using the phase-retrieval algorithm. Unlike most of the authentication schemes, in this study, only one encrypted reference image is required for verification of multiple secured images. The conventional double random phase encoding and correlation techniques are employed for authentication verification. Computer simulation results and theoretical explanation prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.