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Acta Physica Sinica

Determination of the hyperfine coupling constants of the 5D5/2 state of 85Rb atoms by using high signal-to-noise ratio electromagnetically-induced transparency spectra

Yang Guang, Wang Jie, Junmin Wang

Published Jan 1, 2017• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the hyperfine splitting measurement of the 85Rb 5D5/2 state by electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy with high signal-to-noise ratio in the 85Rb 5S1/2-5P3/2-5D5/2 ladder-type system (m 780 nm + 776 nm). The frequency calibration is performed by employing a phase-type electro-optic modulator with a confocal Fabry-Perot cavity. From the measured hyperfine splittings among the manifolds of (F=5), (F=4) and (F=3) of the 85Rb 5D5/2 state, we determine the magnetic dipole hyperfine coupling constant (A= (-2.222 0.019) MHz) and the quadrupole coupling constant (B= (2.664 0.130) MHz) of 5D5/2 state of 85Rb atoms.

DOI
10.7498/aps.66.103201

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Coupling-intensity effects in ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency of rubidium atoms

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We have studied electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 5S1/2−5P3/2−5D5/2 ladder-type system of Rb. We observed relative changing magnitude of EIT hyperfine structures depending on not only the polarizations of the lasers but also the intensity of the coupling laser. The coupling-intensity effects are attributed to the nonlinear increase of the EIT signal to the coupling intensity. EIT signals nonlinear on the coupling intensity are analyzed by considering coherent interaction between atom and laser fields.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 1, 2005•28 citations
We report the hyperfine splitting measurement of the 85Rb 5D5/2 state by electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy with high signal-to-noise ratio in the 85Rb 5S1/2-5P3/2-5D5/2 ladder-type system (m 780 nm + 776 nm). The frequency calibration is performed by employing a phase-type electro-optic modulator with a confocal Fabry-Perot cavity. From the measured hyperfine splittings among the manifolds of (F=5), (F=4) and (F=3) of the 85Rb 5D5/2 state, we determine the magnetic dipole hyperfine coupling constant (A= (-2.222 0.019) MHz) and the quadrupole coupling constant (B= (2.664 0.130) MHz) of 5D5/2 state of 85Rb atoms.
We present a method to precisely determine the hyperfine structure constants of the rubidium 5D5/2 and 7S1/2 states in a cascade atomic system. The probe laser is coupled to the 5S1/2→5P3/2 hyperfine transition, while the coupling laser is scanned over the 5P3/2→5D5/2(7S1/2) transition. The high-resolution double-resonance optical pumping spectra are obtained with two counter-propagating laser beams acting on rubidium vapor. The hyperfine splitting structures are accurately measured by an optical frequency ruler based on the acousto-optic modulator, thus, the magnetic dipole hyperfine coupling constant A and quadrupole coupling constant B are determined. It is of great significance for the atomic hyperfine structure and fundamental physics research.
Abstract We report a measurement of the hyperfine-structure constants of the 85Rb 4 D 3 / 2 state using two-photon optical spectroscopy of the 5 S 1 / 2 → 4 D 3 / 2 transition. The spectra are acquired by measuring the transmission of the low-power 795 nm lower-stage laser beam through a cold-atom sample as a function of laser frequency, with the frequency of the upper-stage, 1476 nm laser fixed. All 4 hyperfine components of the 4 D 3 / 2 state are well-resolved in the experimental data. The dominant systematic is the light shift from the 1476 nm laser, which is addressed by extrapolating line positions measured for a set of 1476 nm laser powers to zero laser power. The analysis of our experimental data yields both the magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole constants for the 85Rb 4 D 3 / 2 level, without using earlier hyperfine measurements of other atomic levels. The respective results, A = 7.419(35) MHz and B = 4.19(19) MHz, are discussed in context with previous works. Our investigation may be useful for optical atomic clocks for precision metrology and emerging atom-based quantum technologies, all-infrared excitation of Rb Rydberg levels, and molecular physics.
The narrow electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) resonance peaks are observed with two low-power counter-propagating diode lasers in cesium (Cs) 6S1/2 - 6P1/2 - 8S1/2 ladder-type atomic system. To precisely determine the centers of resonance peaks, multiple background-free EIT signals are achieved using a novel scanning scheme in which the coupling laser driving Cs 6P1/2 - 8S1/2 transition is scanned and the probe laser driving Cs 6S1/2 – 6P1/2 is frequency locked. A temperature-stabilized fiber-pigtailed waveguide-type phase electro-optical modulator (EOM) and a stable confocal Fabry-Perot cavity are used as a precise frequency marker to measure the hyperfine splitting of Cs 8S1/2 state. The impact of the external magnetic field on the measurement is also investigated. Furthermore, the hyperfine structure constant (here it is the hyperfine magnetic dipole constant, A) of Cs 8S1/2 state is determined to be A = 219.06 MHz ± 0.12 MHz based on the measured hyperfine splitting (Δhfs = 876.24 MHz ± 0.50 MHz).
High-sensitivity spectroscopy of caesium's higher excited 8S 1/2 state is obtained by a coherent two-photon transition via an intermediate resonance state. The ladder-type atomic system is driven by two counter-propagating low-power diode lasers, the probe laser being tuned to the transition from the ground state to the intermediate state (6S 1/2 –6P 1/2 ), and the coupling laser to that between the intermediate and the final state (6P 1/2 –8S 1/2 ). By locking the probe laser and scanning the coupling laser, the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) peaks appear in the probe transmission when the coupling laser resonates with each of the hyperfine levels. Compared with conventional EIT, where the signal-to-noise ratio is limited by the absorptive Doppler background, here these narrow-linewidth peaks have no Doppler background. The peak centres are well determined from theoretical fits to the experimental data. To accurately measure the 8S 1/2 hyperfine structure splitting, we developed a simple method to eliminate error arising from the nonlinear frequency scanning by employing an optical waveguide phase modulator and a confocal Fabry–Perot cavity. The hyperfine structure constants of the caesium 8S 1/2 state are obtained from hyperfine structure splitting measurements. Systematic effects from the ac-Stark and Zeeman shifts are studied. The measured hyperfine magnetic dipole constant A = (219.08 ± 0.12) MHz is consistent with previous results.
We have studied electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 5S1/2−5P3/2−5D5/2 ladder-type system of Rb. We observed relative changing magnitude of EIT hyperfine structures depending on not only the polarizations of the lasers but also the intensity of the coupling laser. The coupling-intensity effects are attributed to the nonlinear increase of the EIT signal to the coupling intensity. EIT signals nonlinear on the coupling intensity are analyzed by considering coherent interaction between atom and laser fields.