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Acta Physica Sinica

Slowdown of group velocity of light pulse in erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier under no absorption loss at a room temperature

Qiu Wei, Ma Ying-Chi, L uuml Pin, Liu Dian, Xu Xiao-Juan, Chenghua Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Because of the absorption of erbium-doped optical fiber, the group velocity of the optical pulse propagation is slowed down and the intensity of signal is reduced, which brings more difficulties to the actual measurement of slow light and its application in communications, such as the distortion and the low measurement.Therefore only after the group velocity slowdown of light pulse in erbium-doped optical fiber under no absorption loss is realized, can the slow light technology really have the practical application. We investigate the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier deeply and develop a technology, in which the different pump powers and fiber lengths are used to reduce the signal loss through theoretical calculation and realize the group velocity slowdown of light pulse. The results show that no absorption loss is realized at a pump power of 3.5 mW, and we realize the slow light with a fiber length of 0.1 m when the pump power is zero.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.094204

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Because of the absorption of erbium-doped optical fiber, the group velocity of the optical pulse propagation is slowed down and the intensity of signal is reduced, which brings more difficulties to the actual measurement of slow light and its application in communications, such as the distortion and the low measurement.Therefore only after the group velocity slowdown of light pulse in erbium-doped optical fiber under no absorption loss is realized, can the slow light technology really have the practical application. We investigate the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier deeply and develop a technology, in which the different pump powers and fiber lengths are used to reduce the signal loss through theoretical calculation and realize the group velocity slowdown of light pulse. The results show that no absorption loss is realized at a pump power of 3.5 mW, and we realize the slow light with a fiber length of 0.1 m when the pump power is zero.
Group velocity of the optical pulse propagation would be reduced based on coherent population oscillation effect in an absorbing medium. According to the absorption properties of erbium-doped optical fiber, there would appear a sharp absorption loss, which brought more difficulties to the actual measurement of slow light and its application in communications. From the ground rate equation of erbium-ion, the delay of optical pulse was simulated under controllable absorption loss， and experiments were implemented to verify the theoretical results. Moreover, we researched how the different pump power and fiber length effect the signal loss and the optical pulse delay.
In this paper, we proposed a novel approach to demonstrate optically controllable pulse group velocity at telecommunication wavelengths in EDF due to CPO. First we reviewed recent advances in slow-light-based optical signal processing, then we study slow and fast light propagation in erbium doped fiber abstractly based on theory and simulation model. It is revealed though the research that the time delay and advancement depends greatly on the pump power, influence of the ion density on the group velocity of light propagation is also studied. Based on our discussion, the optimization parameters should be selected in order to obtain more appropriate time delay and the slowdown of group velocity, which is of great importance to the communication industry.
Recently, researches about the controllable group velocity of light propagation had made many progresses. And several experiments had demonstrated the signal evolution of slow and fast light. In this letter, the authors described a simple experiment for the tracing of light signals in an erbium-doped optical fiber at the optical communication wavelength firstly. We have, directly, observed the evolution of slow and fast signals with different waveforms that travel in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Through tracing the signal evolution, when slow light (Vg<;<;c) or fast light (Vg<;0) was got in it, we concluded that asymmetrical absorption and amplification on the periodical signal could account for the generation of slow and fast light in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier easily.
According to the transition rates equation of the ground state population and the propagation equation,the numerical model of the group velocity slowdown was established. The relationship between the gain and pump power was analysized. In the absorption area of Tm3 +-dopedoptical fiber,the oscillation leads the pulse to experience absorption saturation,and the propagation delays.In the gain area of Tm3 +-doped optical fiber,this effect induces the pulse to experience gain saturation,and the propagation is in advance. According to the theoretical calculation,the group velocity slowdown is tunable due to coherent population oscillation in the Tm3 +-doped optical fiber amplifier at room temperature.
Abstract Slow light is demonstrated in the cascade structure of an erbium-doped fiber with two forward propagation pumps. The results of the numerical simulation of the time delay and the optimum modulation frequency complement each other. The time delay and the optimum modulation frequency depend on the pump ratio G ( G = P 1480 : P 980 ). The discussion results of this paper show that a larger time delay of slow light propagation can be obtained in the cascade structure of Er 3+ -doped optical fibers with dual-frequency laser pumping. Compared to previous research methods, the dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of an Er 3+ -doped optical fiber is more controllable. Based on our discussion the pump ratio G should be selected in order to obtain a more appropriate time delay and the slowdown of group velocity.