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A versatile source of polarization entangled photons for quantum network applications

Florian Kaiser, Amandine Issautier, Lutfi Arif Ngah, Olivier Alibart, Anthony Martin, Sébastien Tanzilli

Published Jul 8, 2013• 24 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We report a versatile polarization entangling scheme based on a high-brilliance nonlinear waveguide associated with an advanced time-bin to polarization entanglement observable transcriber. We show that single photon bandwidths ranging from 25 MHz to 1 THz can be manipulated, addressing a large variety of current quantum network applications. We demonstrate such a versatility by violating, by large amounts, the Bell inequalities for 3 different bandwidths: 25 MHz, 500 MHz, and 100 GHz.

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We report a versatile polarization entangling scheme based on a high-brilliance nonlinear waveguide associated with an advanced time-bin to polarization entanglement observable transcriber. We show that single photon bandwidths ranging from 25 MHz to 1 THz can be manipulated, addressing a large variety of current quantum network applications. We demonstrate such a versatility by violating, by large amounts, the Bell inequalities for 3 different bandwidths: 25 MHz, 500 MHz, and 100 GHz.
We report a versatile and practical approach for generating high-quality polarization entanglement in a fully guided-wave fashion. Our setup relies on a high-brilliance type-0 waveguide generator producing paired photon at a telecom wavelength associated with an advanced energy-time to polarisation transcriber. The latter is capable of creating any pure polarization entangled state, and allows manipulating single photon bandwidths that can be chosen at will over five orders of magnitude, ranging from tens of MHz to several THz. We achieve excellent entanglement fidelities for particular spectral bandwidths, i.e. 25 MHz, 540 MHz and 100 GHz, proving the relevance of our approach. Our scheme stands as an ideal candidate for a wide range of network applications, ranging from dense division multiplexing quantum key distribution to heralded optical quantum memories and repeaters.
Entanglement is a key resource for quantum infor- mation protocols. Low-loss optical fibers and reliable guided-wave components make it possible to create and distribute photonic entanglement in the telecom C-band of wavelengths (1530-1565 nm). Entanglement is easily produced using spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in nonlinear crystals. Usual observables are time-bin and polarisation, the latter being easier to analyze, thanks to simple experimental apparatus, real-time fiber birefringence compensation, and the natural design of heralded quantum memories for this observable. In quantum networks, where telecom photons are used to distribute, and quantum memories to store, entanglement, the photonic spectral and memory acceptance bandwidths have to be matched. The latter ranges from a few MHz (cold atoms) to a few GHz (solid- state). In the following, we discuss a versatile polar- isation entangling scheme based on a birefringent delay line (BDL) that can be applied to photon bandwidths down to 25 MHz. We demonstrate such versatility by violating, by large amounts, the Bell inequalities for 3 different bandwidths: 25 MHz, 500 MHz, and 100 GHz.
The ultimate goal of quantum information science is to build a global quantum network, which enables quantum resources to be distributed and shared between remote parties. Such a quantum network can be realized using only fiber elements, thus deriving the advantages of low transmission loss, low cost, scalability, and integrability through mature fiber communication techniques such as dense wavelength division multiplexing. Hence high-quality entangled-photon sources based on fibers are in high demand. Here we report multiplexed polarization- and time-bin-entangled photon-pair sources based on the dispersion-shifted fiber operating at room temperature. The associated high quality of entanglement is characterized using interference, Bell's inequality, and quantum state tomography. The simultaneous presence of both types of entanglement in multichannel pairs of a 100-GHz dense wavelength division multiplexing device indicates a great capacity in distributing entangled photons over multiple users. Our design provides a versatile platform and takes a big step toward constructing an all-fiber quantum network.
The ultimate goal of quantum information science is to build a global quantum network, which enables quantum resources to be distributed and shared between remote parties. Such a quantum network can be realized using only fiber elements, thus deriving the advantages of low transmission loss, low cost, scalability, and integrability through mature fiber communication techniques such as dense wavelength division multiplexing. Hence high-quality entangled-photon sources based on fibers are in high demand. Here we report multiplexed polarization- and time-bin-entangled photon-pair sources based on the dispersion-shifted fiber operating at room temperature. The associated high quality of entanglement is characterized using interference, Bell’s inequality, and quantum state tomography. The simultaneous presence of both types of entanglement in multi-channel pairs of a 100-GHz dense wavelength division multiplexing device indicates a great capacity in distributing entangled photons over multiple users. Our design provides a versatile platform and takes a big step toward constructing an all-fiber quantum network.