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Exact Heisenberg operator solutions for multi-particle quantum mechanics

Satoru Odake, Ryu Sasaki B

Published Jan 1, 2007• 10 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Exact Heisenberg operator solutions for independent “sinusoidal coordinates” as many as the degree of freedom are derived for typical exactly solvable multiparticle quantum mechanical systems, the Calogero systems [J. Math. Phys.12, 419 (1971)] based on any root system. These Heisenberg operator solutions also present the explicit forms of the annihilation-creation operators for various quanta in the interacting multiparticle systems. At the same time they can be interpreted as multivariable generalization of the three term recurrence relations for multivariable orthogonal polynomials constituting the eigenfunctions.

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Exact Heisenberg operator solutions for independent “sinusoidal coordinates” as many as the degree of freedom are derived for typical exactly solvable multiparticle quantum mechanical systems, the Calogero systems [J. Math. Phys.12, 419 (1971)] based on any root system. These Heisenberg operator solutions also present the explicit forms of the annihilation-creation operators for various quanta in the interacting multiparticle systems. At the same time they can be interpreted as multivariable generalization of the three term recurrence relations for multivariable orthogonal polynomials constituting the eigenfunctions.
Various examples of exactly solvable ‘discrete’ quantum mechanics are explored explicitly with emphasis on shape invariance, Heisenberg operator solutions, annihilation-creation operators, the dynamical symmetry algebras and coherent states. The eigenfunctions are the (q-) Askey-scheme of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials satisfying difference equation versions of the Schrödinger equation. Various reductions (restrictions) of the symmetry algebra of the Askey-Wilson system are explored in detail.
This thesis is devoted to the study of various examples of exactly solved quantum many-body systems in one-dimension. It is divided into two parts: the first provides background and complementary results to the second, which consists of three scientific papers. The first paper concerns a particu- lar extension, corresponding to the root system CN, of the delta-interaction model. We prove by construction that its exact solution, even in the gen- eral case of distinguishable particles, can be obtained by the coordinate Bethe ansatz. We also elaborate on the physical interpretation of this model. It is well known that the delta-interaction is included in a four parameter family of local interactions. In the second paper we interpret these parameters as cou- pling constants of certain momentum dependent interactions and determine all cases leading to a many-body system of distinguishable particles which can be solved by the coordinate Bethe ansatz. In the third paper we consider the so-called rational Calogero-Sutherland model, describing an arbitrary number of particles on the real line, confined by a harmonic oscillator potential and interacting via a two-body interaction proportional to the inverse square of the inter-particle distance. We construct a novel solution algorithm for this model which enables us to obtain explicit formulas for its eigenfunctions. We also show that our algorithm applies, with minor changes, to all extensions of the rational Calogero-Sutherland model which correspond to a classical root system.
The solution of the quantum dynamical equation $\frac{i\ensuremath{\hbar}\mathrm{dT}}{\mathrm{dt}}=HT$, for the time-displacement operator TTT, is given, when the Hamiltonian HHH is a polynomial of the second degree in canonically conjugate variables, with arbitrary time-dependent coefficients. Heisenberg's equations of motion are then solved, and the general integral of Schr\"odinger's equation in coordinate space is expressed by the Green's function corresponding to TTT. An example is given.
We study self-adjoint operators defined by factorizing second order differential operators in first order ones. We discuss examples where such factorizations introduce singular interactions into simple quantum mechanical models like the harmonic oscillator or the free particle on the circle. The generalization of these examples to the many-body case yields quantum models of distinguishable and interacting particles in one dimensions which can be solved explicitly and by simple means. Our considerations lead us to a simple method to construct exactly solvable quantum many-body systems of Calogero-Sutherland type. 1. Introduction. In this paper we define and study peculiar self-adjoint extensions of simple differential operators like the one defining the quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator. We also find the explicit solution of some of the resulting quantum mechanical models and discuss their physical interpretations. These examples provide amusing illustrations that the