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The European Physical Journal Plus

Controllable two- and three-dimensional atom localization via spontaneously generated coherence

Forough Bozorgzadeh, Mohammad Reza Ghorbani Fard, Mostafa Sahrai

Published Nov 1, 2020• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00932-5

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We present a simple scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization controlled by spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and incoherent pump in a closed Λ-type three-level atomic system. Due to the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the conditional position probability distribution of the atom passing through the standing waves can be directly determined by measuring the phase-sensitive probe absorption-gain spectrum. The role of the SGC and incoherent pump in the precision and spatial resolution of 2D atom localization is studied. It is found that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position in one period of the standing waves can reach 100% via properly adjusting the parameters of the system.
We study two-dimensional sub-wavelength atom localization based on the microwave coupling field controlling and spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) effect. For a five-level M-type atom, introducing a microwave coupling field between two upper levels and considering the quantum interference between two transitions from two upper levels to lower levels, the analytical expression of conditional position probability (CPP) distribution is obtained using the iterative method. The influence of the detuning of a spontaneously emitted photon, Rabi frequency of the microwave field, and the SGC effect on the CPP are discussed. The two-dimensional sub-half-wavelength atom localization with high-precision and high spatial resolution is achieved by adjusting the detuning and the Rabi frequency, where the atom can be localized in a region smaller thanλ/10×λ/10. The spatial resolution is improved significantly compared with the case without the microwave field.