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Two-Dimensional Thermofield Bosonization

Amaral, R L P G, Belvedere, L V, Rothe, K D

Published Apr 1, 2005• 9 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to obtain an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T. This is achieved in the framework of the real time formalism of Thermofield Dynamics. Formally the results parallel those of the T = 0 case. The well known two-dimensional Fermion-Boson correspondences at zero temperature are shown to hold also at finite temperature. In order to emphasize the usefulness of the operator realization for handling a large class of two-dimensional quantum field-theoretic problems, we contrast this global approach with the cumbersome calculation of the fermion-current two-point function in the imaginary-time formalism and real time formalisms. The calculations also illustrate the very different ways in which the transmutation from Fermi-Dirac to Bose-Einstein statistics is realized.

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We present an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T .This is achieved in the framework of the real time formalism of Thermofield Dynamics.The well known two-dimensional Fermion-Boson correspondences at zero temperature are shown to hold also at finite temperature.In order to emphasize the usefulness of the operator realization for handling a large class of two-dimensional quantum field-theoretic problems, we contrast this global approach with the cumbersome calculation of the fermioncurrent two-point function in the imaginary-time formalism and real time formalisms.

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Finite temperature Thirring model: from linearization through canonical transformations to correct normal form of thermofield solution

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Finite-temperature real-time field theories for spin 1/2

Vitor Rocha Vieira

The finite-temperature real-time field theories for spin (1/2 are derived with use of a functional-integral approach, and their application to problems of equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics discussed. These formalisms have a standard Wick's theorem and linked-graph theorem, leading to the use of Feynman diagrams. Similar to the problems with bosons or fermions, the calculation of equilibrium quantities requires the consideration of the imaginary-time branch, leading to a three-component formalism, instead of the usual two-component formalism, typical of real-time field theories.

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Quantum statistical mechanics

Michel Le Bellac

We now start what will be the subject of this book: quantum field theory at non-zero temperature and/or non-zero chemical potential. Two competing formalisms have been used at zero temperature in order to study field theory: the operator formalism, which is the older one, and the path integral formalism, which represents the more modern approach. Actually, it may often be illuminating to look at a given problem from both points of view, although in some cases one of the formalisms may prove to be definitely superior to the other: for example, path integrals are much simpler when quantizing gauge theories. At finite temperature, both formalisms are useful, and it is instructive to be able to switch from one approach to the other. Since the simplest case of field theory is field theory with zero space dimension, or, in other words, quantum mechanics, we shall begin with a short description of quantum mechanics at finite temperature, or, equivalently, quantum statistical mechanics. We first deal with the path integral approach, and later on revert to the more conventional operator formalism. We shall be particularly interested in time-ordered products of position operators, which will generalize to time-ordered products of field operators in field theory.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Aug 1, 1996•3 citations
The main objective of this paper is to obtain an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T. This is achieved in the framework of the real time formalism of Thermofield Dynamics. Formally the results parallel those of the T = 0 case. The well known two-dimensional Fermion-Boson correspondences at zero temperature are shown to hold also at finite temperature. In order to emphasize the usefulness of the operator realization for handling a large class of two-dimensional quantum field-theoretic problems, we contrast this global approach with the cumbersome calculation of the fermion-current two-point function in the imaginary-time formalism and real time formalisms. The calculations also illustrate the very different ways in which the transmutation from Fermi-Dirac to Bose-Einstein statistics is realized.
We present an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T .This is achieved in the framework of the real time formalism of Thermofield Dynamics.The well known two-dimensional Fermion-Boson correspondences at zero temperature are shown to hold also at finite temperature.In order to emphasize the usefulness of the operator realization for handling a large class of two-dimensional quantum field-theoretic problems, we contrast this global approach with the cumbersome calculation of the fermioncurrent two-point function in the imaginary-time formalism and real time formalisms.
Finite-temperature properties of a non-Fermi-liauid system is one of the most challenging problems in the current understanding of strongly correlated electron systems. The paradigmatic arena for studying non-Fermi liauids is in one dimension, where the concept of a Luttinger liauid has arisen. The existence of a critical point at zero temperature in one-dimensional systems, and the fact that experiments are all undertaken at finite temperatures, implies a need for these one-dimensional systems to be examined at finite temperatures. Accordingly, we extended the well-known bosonization method of one-dimensional electron systems to finite temperatures. We have used this new bosonization method to calculate finite-temperature asymptotic correlation functions for linear fermions, the Tomonaga-Luttinger model, and the Hubbard model.
It is shown that exact solvability of the finite temperature massless Thirring model, as well as of its zero temperature case, in canonical quantization scheme originates from the intrinsic hidden exact linearizability of Heisenberg equations by means of dynamical mapping onto the Schrödinger physical fields. The normal forms of different one- and two- parametric (thermo) field's solutions are obtained. They are connected with each other by making use of generalized conformal shift transformations. The sequential use of bosonic canonical transformations provides a correct renormalization, anticommutation and symmetry properties of these solutions. The dynamical role of inequivalent representations of 1+1-D free massless Dirac fields, that are induced by inequivalent representations of 1+1-D free massless (pseudo) scalar field, and the appearance of Schwinger terms are elucidated. The inequivalent vacuum is established as coherent state for SU(1,1) group. A new alternative sources of superselection rules are shown. A generalization of Ojima tilde conjugation rules is suggested, which reveals the properties of coherent state for SU(2) group for the fermionic thermal vacuum state and is useful for the thermofield bosonization. The notions of "hot" and "cold" thermofields are introduced to distinguish different thermofield representations giving the correct normal form of thermofield solution. The weak sense of definition of zero and finite temperature operator bosonization rules in the framework of thermofield dynamics is demonstrated.
The finite-temperature real-time field theories for spin (1/2 are derived with use of a functional-integral approach, and their application to problems of equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics discussed. These formalisms have a standard Wick's theorem and linked-graph theorem, leading to the use of Feynman diagrams. Similar to the problems with bosons or fermions, the calculation of equilibrium quantities requires the consideration of the imaginary-time branch, leading to a three-component formalism, instead of the usual two-component formalism, typical of real-time field theories.
We now start what will be the subject of this book: quantum field theory at non-zero temperature and/or non-zero chemical potential. Two competing formalisms have been used at zero temperature in order to study field theory: the operator formalism, which is the older one, and the path integral formalism, which represents the more modern approach. Actually, it may often be illuminating to look at a given problem from both points of view, although in some cases one of the formalisms may prove to be definitely superior to the other: for example, path integrals are much simpler when quantizing gauge theories. At finite temperature, both formalisms are useful, and it is instructive to be able to switch from one approach to the other. Since the simplest case of field theory is field theory with zero space dimension, or, in other words, quantum mechanics, we shall begin with a short description of quantum mechanics at finite temperature, or, equivalently, quantum statistical mechanics. We first deal with the path integral approach, and later on revert to the more conventional operator formalism. We shall be particularly interested in time-ordered products of position operators, which will generalize to time-ordered products of field operators in field theory.