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OSA Continuum

Experimental demonstration of the near-quantum optimal receiver

M. V. Jabir, Ivan A. Burenkov, N. Fajar R. Annafianto, Abdella Battou, Sergey V. Polyakov

Published Nov 5, 2020• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We implement the cyclic quantum receiver based on the theoretical proposal of Roy Bondurant and demonstrate experimentally below the shot-noise limit (SNL) discrimination of quadrature phase-shift keying signals (PSK). We also experimentally test the receiver generalized for longer communication alphabet lengths and coherent frequency shift keying (CFSK) encoding. Using off-the-shelf components, we obtain state discrimination error rates that are 3 dB and 4.6 dB below the SNLs of ideal classical receivers for quadrature PSK and CFSK encodings, respectively. The receiver unconditionally surpasses the SNL for M=8 PSK and CFSK. This receiver can be used for the simple and robust practical implementation of quantum-enhanced optical communication.

DOI
10.1364/osac.409200

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We implement the cyclic quantum receiver based on the theoretical proposal of Roy Bondurant and demonstrate experimentally below the shot-noise limit (SNL) discrimination of quadrature phase-shift keying signals (PSK). We also experimentally test the receiver generalized for longer communication alphabet lengths and coherent frequency shift keying (CFSK) encoding. Using off-the-shelf components, we obtain state discrimination error rates that are 3 dB and 4.6 dB below the SNLs of ideal classical receivers for quadrature PSK and CFSK encodings, respectively. The receiver unconditionally surpasses the SNL for M=8 PSK and CFSK. This receiver can be used for the simple and robust practical implementation of quantum-enhanced optical communication.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple non-orthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known non-adaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, our receiver only exploits auxiliary coherent-state fields, linear optics, and on-off photo-detection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple non-orthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known non-adaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photo-detection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies.For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple nonorthogonal quantum states.In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals.Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known nonadaptive detectors at low input powers.Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photodetection.This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple nonorthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known nonadaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photodetection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
The efficient use of communication channels motivates extensive research in novel communication protocols. Modern communication protocols use large alphabets contain up to a few thousand symbols, thus optimizing the use of power and available frequency space. To date, quantum receivers that discriminate up to approximately 20 symbols were theoretically investigated and receivers with as many as 4 nonorthogonal coherent states have been experimentally demonstrated. However, all heretofore explored quantum receivers suffer from the sensitivity degradation with the alphabet size. Particularly, their Helstrom Bound (HB) nearly reaches the classical standard quantum limit (SQL). Here we introduce an M-ary quantum receiver based on a coherent frequency shift keying (CFSK) protocol with a record power sensitivity, free of the above deficiency. The CFSK not only provides better accuracy for longer alphabets but also allows discrimination with a practically attainable symbol error rate (SER) situated much below the HBs of other encodings for large alphabets. Our receiver operates with a classical transmitter, and with any communication channel, including the existing global fiber network. It can be used to increase the amplification-free range in a network and/or reduce power requirements on the transmitter by more than 1000 times. In addition, the quantum measurement advantage can significantly optimize the use of the frequency space in comparison to classical frequency keying protocols. This advantage can be used in deep-space telecom links to enhance the satellite power budget. In existing fiber network links, quantum CFSK receivers can improve the amplification-free range by approximately the factor of 2.
The impossibility of perfectly discriminating non-orthogonal quantum states imposes far-reaching consequences both on quantum and classical communication schemes. We propose and numerically analyze an optimized quantum receiver for the discrimination of phase encoded signals. Our scheme outperforms the standard quantum limit and approaches the Helstrom bound for any signal power. The discrimination is performed via an optimized, feedback-mediated displacement prior to a photon counting detector. We provide a detailed analysis of the influence of excess noise and technical imperfections on the average error probability. The results demonstrate the receiver's robustness and show that it can outperform any classical receiver over a wide range of realistic parameters.