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Optical nonlinearity in coupled exciton-phonon systems near metal surfaces

Xiao-Lin Li, D. L. Lin, Thomas F. George

Published Oct 1, 1991• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Surface effects on optical bistability and pump-probe processes for coupled exciton-phonon systems are studied theoretically. When a laser beam is directed on an excitron-phonon coupling system inside an optical cavity, the cavity field intensity is investigated as a function of the driving field intensity for various distances between the sample and a metallic surface representing one of the mirrors of the cavity. It is found that the direction of switch of the optical bistability can be controlled by adjusting the distance from the surface. For a strong laser pump field and a weak probe field directed on this system, the pump-field-induced absorption spectrum is investigated for different distances between this sample and the metal surface. It is found that the position and line shape of the spectrum are significantly changed due to the presence of the surface.

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Optical bistability and nonlinearity of coherently coupled exciton-plasmon systems

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We theoretically investigated optical third-order nonlinearity of a coherently coupled exciton-plasmon hybrid system under a strong control field with a weak probe field. The analytic formulas of exciton population and effective third-order optical susceptibility of the hybrid of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) were deduced. The bistable exciton population and the induced bistable nonlinear absorption and refraction response were revealed. The bistability region can be tuned by adjusting the size of metal nanoparticle, interparticle distance and intensity of control field. Our results have perspective applications in optical information processing based on resonant coupling of exciton-plasmon.

Optics Express•Jan 12, 2012•121 citations

Surface-induced optical bistability in coupled exciton-phonon systems

D. L. Lin, Xiao-shen Li, Thomas F. George

Abstract Nonlinear optical responses of exciton-phonon coupling systems near a reflecting surface are investigated. For a polydiacetylene chain lying parallel to the surface, optical bistability induced by the surface is discovered. It is also found that the threshold and contrast of the bistability can be controlled by adjusting the distance of the system from the surface, and that vacuum fluctuations are reduced whenever the bistability occurs. The nature of the bistability and its origin are discussed.

Unknown eBooks•Nov 1, 1990•0 citations

External optical feedback for exciton-phonon systems in optical cavities

X. Li, W. Cai, Roberta Marani +1 more

Effects of external optical feedback on the behavior of input-cavity-field relations are investigated for an electron–phonon system inside an optical cavity exposed to an incident laser field. The external feedback by conventional mirrors and by phase-conjugate mirrors is considered separately. Steady-state results are obtained numerically for a typical phonon–exciton material of polydiacetylene. In the case of conventional external feedback, the threshold, the contrast, and the switching behavior of optical bistability can be changed by adjustment of the feedback parameters without causing any instability, whereas in the case of phase-conjugate feedback the cavity field intensity shows five states corresponding to a single input field intensity as long as the feedback is strong enough. However, all these states are unstable because of the amplified phase-conjugate reflection, which limits the application of phase-conjugate mirrors in optical multistabilities.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Sep 1, 1994•0 citations

THE SPECTRA AND OPTICAL BISTABILITY OF CAVITY FIELD COUPLED TO A MECHANICAL MIRROR

Jinghua Teng, J. MA, Wei Wang

We investigate the effect of Kerr nonlinearity and optomechanical couplings on cavity field spectra in an optomechanical system driven by a pump field. In the mean-field approximation, the system exhibits optical bistability for a wide range of parameters. The spectra are numerically calculated for different initial states, which show that a single peak in the spectrum splits because of the presence of the optomechanical coupling and the increase of the number of phonon. In addition, the peak position in the cavity field spectra changes due to the Kerr nonlinearity, while the cavity detuning is modified. The strength of spectra determines the size of the photon-phonon conversion capabilities. These results provides a theoretical basis for optical communication.

International Journal of Quantum Information•Apr 1, 2013•4 citations

Coherent optical nonlinearities in semiconductor microstructures

Peter Brick

This dissertation presents investigations of fundamental optical nonlinearities in semi-conductor microstructures. Two distinct effects are studied. In the first part the excitonic optical Stark effect in InGaAs and GaAs multiple quantum-well structures is investigated by means of pump-probe spectroscopy. For nonresonant excitation below the excitonic transition the direction of the shift of the resonance depends on the polarization of the pump and probe pulses. In particular, for anti-circular polarization a surprising red-shift is observed. For resonant excitation, induced absorption energetically above and below the exciton transition and bleaching of the resonance is found. Experiments using both resonant and nonresonant excitation reveal the importance of bound and unbound two-exciton states in absorption changes of the 1s heavy-hole exciton resonance. It is found that higher-order Coulomb contributions determine the intensity as well as the time dependence of the differential excitonic absorption. In addition, the influence of light-hole excitons is analyzed. It is shown that the direction of the optical Stark shift for nonresonant excitation depends also sensitively on the heavy-hole to light-hole splitting and the detuning of the pump pulse. For very high pump intensities and nonresonant excitation the absorption is split when a circularly polarized pump and a linearly polarized probe beam are used. For co-circular excitation traces of hyper-Raman gain are observed. In the second part of this dissertation, the nonlinear optical response of semiconductor microcavities in the nonperturbative regime is studied in resonant single-beam transmission and pump-probe experiments. In both types of experiment, a pronounced third transmission peak lying spectrally between the two normal modes is observed. Its dependence on the probe intensity, pump intensity, pump-probe delay, exciton-cavity detuning and pump detuning is investigated. For single-beam transmission, the energy of the third peak parallels the position of the cavity resonance. It is more pronounced for circularly polarized excitation and lasts longer than the two normal modes. For pump-probe experiments, the third peak increases with decreasing probe intensity and increasing pump intensity. Its energy is close to the low-energy side of the pump spectrum and virtually unaffected by the cavity-exciton detuning. The appearance of the third peak requires temporal overlap of pump and probe pulses. The origin of this complex nonlinearity is the quantum nature of light, which induces intraband polarizations in the presence of a coherent driving field and a finite carrier density. It is found that the coupling of the intraband polarizations via guided modes to the polarization of the fundamental longitudinal mode is responsible for the third transmission peak. A fully quantized theory reproduces the experimental observations.

•Jan 1, 2001•0 citations

Surface plasmon-assisted optical bistability in the quantum dot-metal nanoparticle hybrid system

Chengjun Bao, Yihong Qi, Yueping Niu +1 more

We theoretically investigated optical bistability (OB) of a coupled excition–plasmon hybrid system in a unidirectional ring cavity. It is found that the threshold and the region of OB can be tuned by adjusting the center–center distance between the quantum dot and metal nanoparticle (MNP), the Rabi frequency of the control field and the radius of the MNP. Due to the significantly enhanced optical nonlinearity by the surface plasmon effect, the threshold of OB can be decreased greatly when the probe field is parallel to the major axis of the hybrid system. The enhanced OB may have promising applications in optical switching and optical storage.

Journal of Modern Optics•Feb 3, 2016•14 citations
Surface effects on optical bistability and pump-probe processes for coupled exciton-phonon systems are studied theoretically. When a laser beam is directed on an excitron-phonon coupling system inside an optical cavity, the cavity field intensity is investigated as a function of the driving field intensity for various distances between the sample and a metallic surface representing one of the mirrors of the cavity. It is found that the direction of switch of the optical bistability can be controlled by adjusting the distance from the surface. For a strong laser pump field and a weak probe field directed on this system, the pump-field-induced absorption spectrum is investigated for different distances between this sample and the metal surface. It is found that the position and line shape of the spectrum are significantly changed due to the presence of the surface.
We theoretically investigated optical third-order nonlinearity of a coherently coupled exciton-plasmon hybrid system under a strong control field with a weak probe field. The analytic formulas of exciton population and effective third-order optical susceptibility of the hybrid of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) were deduced. The bistable exciton population and the induced bistable nonlinear absorption and refraction response were revealed. The bistability region can be tuned by adjusting the size of metal nanoparticle, interparticle distance and intensity of control field. Our results have perspective applications in optical information processing based on resonant coupling of exciton-plasmon.
Abstract Nonlinear optical responses of exciton-phonon coupling systems near a reflecting surface are investigated. For a polydiacetylene chain lying parallel to the surface, optical bistability induced by the surface is discovered. It is also found that the threshold and contrast of the bistability can be controlled by adjusting the distance of the system from the surface, and that vacuum fluctuations are reduced whenever the bistability occurs. The nature of the bistability and its origin are discussed.
Effects of external optical feedback on the behavior of input-cavity-field relations are investigated for an electron–phonon system inside an optical cavity exposed to an incident laser field. The external feedback by conventional mirrors and by phase-conjugate mirrors is considered separately. Steady-state results are obtained numerically for a typical phonon–exciton material of polydiacetylene. In the case of conventional external feedback, the threshold, the contrast, and the switching behavior of optical bistability can be changed by adjustment of the feedback parameters without causing any instability, whereas in the case of phase-conjugate feedback the cavity field intensity shows five states corresponding to a single input field intensity as long as the feedback is strong enough. However, all these states are unstable because of the amplified phase-conjugate reflection, which limits the application of phase-conjugate mirrors in optical multistabilities.
We investigate the effect of Kerr nonlinearity and optomechanical couplings on cavity field spectra in an optomechanical system driven by a pump field. In the mean-field approximation, the system exhibits optical bistability for a wide range of parameters. The spectra are numerically calculated for different initial states, which show that a single peak in the spectrum splits because of the presence of the optomechanical coupling and the increase of the number of phonon. In addition, the peak position in the cavity field spectra changes due to the Kerr nonlinearity, while the cavity detuning is modified. The strength of spectra determines the size of the photon-phonon conversion capabilities. These results provides a theoretical basis for optical communication.
This dissertation presents investigations of fundamental optical nonlinearities in semi-conductor microstructures. Two distinct effects are studied. In the first part the excitonic optical Stark effect in InGaAs and GaAs multiple quantum-well structures is investigated by means of pump-probe spectroscopy. For nonresonant excitation below the excitonic transition the direction of the shift of the resonance depends on the polarization of the pump and probe pulses. In particular, for anti-circular polarization a surprising red-shift is observed. For resonant excitation, induced absorption energetically above and below the exciton transition and bleaching of the resonance is found. Experiments using both resonant and nonresonant excitation reveal the importance of bound and unbound two-exciton states in absorption changes of the 1s heavy-hole exciton resonance. It is found that higher-order Coulomb contributions determine the intensity as well as the time dependence of the differential excitonic absorption. In addition, the influence of light-hole excitons is analyzed. It is shown that the direction of the optical Stark shift for nonresonant excitation depends also sensitively on the heavy-hole to light-hole splitting and the detuning of the pump pulse. For very high pump intensities and nonresonant excitation the absorption is split when a circularly polarized pump and a linearly polarized probe beam are used. For co-circular excitation traces of hyper-Raman gain are observed. In the second part of this dissertation, the nonlinear optical response of semiconductor microcavities in the nonperturbative regime is studied in resonant single-beam transmission and pump-probe experiments. In both types of experiment, a pronounced third transmission peak lying spectrally between the two normal modes is observed. Its dependence on the probe intensity, pump intensity, pump-probe delay, exciton-cavity detuning and pump detuning is investigated. For single-beam transmission, the energy of the third peak parallels the position of the cavity resonance. It is more pronounced for circularly polarized excitation and lasts longer than the two normal modes. For pump-probe experiments, the third peak increases with decreasing probe intensity and increasing pump intensity. Its energy is close to the low-energy side of the pump spectrum and virtually unaffected by the cavity-exciton detuning. The appearance of the third peak requires temporal overlap of pump and probe pulses. The origin of this complex nonlinearity is the quantum nature of light, which induces intraband polarizations in the presence of a coherent driving field and a finite carrier density. It is found that the coupling of the intraband polarizations via guided modes to the polarization of the fundamental longitudinal mode is responsible for the third transmission peak. A fully quantized theory reproduces the experimental observations.
We theoretically investigated optical bistability (OB) of a coupled excition–plasmon hybrid system in a unidirectional ring cavity. It is found that the threshold and the region of OB can be tuned by adjusting the center–center distance between the quantum dot and metal nanoparticle (MNP), the Rabi frequency of the control field and the radius of the MNP. Due to the significantly enhanced optical nonlinearity by the surface plasmon effect, the threshold of OB can be decreased greatly when the probe field is parallel to the major axis of the hybrid system. The enhanced OB may have promising applications in optical switching and optical storage.