Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Entanglement Distribution Using a Number State and a Beam Splitter

J. D. Franson, S. U. Shringarpure

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations

Abstract

We show that a photon number state incident on a beam splitter will create a phase- entangled state that violates Bell’s inequality. This approach may have practical applications in quantum communications and quantum key distribution.

DOI: 10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fth1d.8

Related papers

Generation of entangled cats from photon number states

S. U. Shringarpure, J. D. Franson

A phase-entangled cat state is created when a number state passes through a beamsplitter. This entanglement is used to violate Bell’s inequality using large Kerr media. This approach may have applications in quantum communications.

Frontiers in OpticsJan 1, 20200 citations

Generating entangled Schrödinger cat states using a number state and a beam splitter

S. U. Shringarpure, J. D. Franson

Passing a photon number state through a balanced beam splitter will produce an entangled state in which the phases of the two output beams are highly correlated. This entangled state can be viewed as a generalized form of a Schr\"odinger cat state where there is an equal probability amplitude for all possible phases. We show that Bell's inequality can be violated using this entangled state and two distant measuring devices that consist of a single-photon interferometer with a Kerr medium in one path, a set of single-photon detectors, and postselection based on a homodyne measurement. These entangled states are sensitive to photon loss and a violation of Bell's inequality requires either that the losses are inherently small or that their effects have been minimized using linear optics techniques [Micuda et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 180503 (2012)]. Somewhat surprisingly, the use of the fair sampling assumption is not required for a violation of Bell's inequality despite the use of postselection if the measurements are made in the correct order.

arXiv:1911.02468Physical Review AAug 31, 202012 citations

Quantum teleportation and Bell’s inequality using single-particle entanglement

Hai-Woong Lee, Jaewan Kim

A single-particle entangled state can be generated by illuminating a beam splitter with a single photon. Quantum teleportation utilizing such a single-particle entangled state can be successfully achieved with a simple setup consisting only of linear optical devices such as beam splitters and phase shifters. Application of the locality assumption to a single-particle entangled state leads to Bell's inequality, a violation of which signifies the nonlocal nature of a single particle.

arXiv:quant-ph/0007106Physical Review ADec 11, 2000138 citations

Quantum teleportation with number states and beam splitters

Rubens Viana Ramos

Quantum communication is a new and fascinating area in telecommunications that provides new ways of communication without classical counterparts. At the centre of this theory is quantum entanglement, a powerful and enigmatic property shown by some composite quantum systems. In this paper, the entanglement produced by sending of number states through a beam splitter is studied. The property entangled is the parity of the number of photons of the number states at the beam splitter's outputs. The decoherence is taken into account through the losses. The entanglement of pure and mixed states at the output of the beam splitter is calculated and some protocols for quantum teleportation for bipartite (C2 ⊗ C2) and tripartite (C2 ⊗ C2 ⊗ C2), systems are described.

Journal of Modern OpticsJan 26, 20042 citations

Obtaining entangled photons from fully mixed states using beam splitters

Hari Krishnan S. V., Shubhrangshu Dasgupta

Preparation of entangled states of photons are useful for quantum computing and communication. In this paper, we present a simplistic protocol of entanglement generation using beam splitters with suitable reflectivity. The photons in an initial state with fully classical probability distribution pass through an optical network, made up of sequential beam splitters and are prepared in maximally entangled states. We also present the detailed theoretical analysis of entangled state generation, for an arbitrary number of photons, fed through the input ports of the beam splitters with equal probability.

arXiv:2011.11902Nov 24, 20201 citation

Quantum entanglement—introduction

Vlatko Vedral

Abstract The Mach–Zehnder interferometer experiment described earlier shows why and how quantum mechanics is different from classical mechanics. A photon sent through a beam splitter behaves like a particle when it is observed by only one of the two detectors. When two beam splitters are used, the photon “interferes with itself” and behaves like a wave. This is the so-called wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics which leads to quantum entanglement. This chapter discusses quantum superpositions when two or more particles are present. Understanding and analysing entanglement is one of the most interesting directions in the field of quantum information. First, a historical background of quantum entanglement is given, followed by a discussion on Bell's inequalities, separable states that do not violate Bell's inequalities, pure states that violate Bell's inequalities, mixed states that do not violate Bell's inequalities, and entanglement in second quantisation.

Sep 28, 20060 citations