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Teleporting an unknown quantum state to a photon with prior quantum information

Tianfeng Feng, Q. Xu, Linxiang Zhou, Maolin Luo, Wuhong Zhang, Xiaoqi Zhou

Published Sep 20, 2020• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantum teleportation provides a disembodied way to transfer an unknown quantum state from one quantum system to another. However, all teleportation experiments to date are limited to cases where the target quantum system contains no prior quantum information. Here we propose a scheme for teleporting a quantum state to a quantum system with prior quantum information. By using an optical qubit-ququart entangling gate, we have experimentally demonstrated the new teleportation protocol -- teleporting a qubit to a photon preloaded with one qubit of quantum information. After the teleportation, the target photon contains two qubits of quantum information, one from the teleported qubit and the other from the pre-existing qubit. The teleportation fidelities range from $0.70$ to $0.92$, all above the classical limit of $2/3$. Our work sheds light on a new direction for quantum teleportation and demonstrates our ability to implement entangling operations beyond two-level quantum systems.

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Quantum teleportation provides a disembodied way to transfer an unknown quantum state from one quantum system to another. However, all teleportation experiments to date are limited to cases where the target quantum system contains no prior quantum information. Here we propose a scheme for teleporting a quantum state to a quantum system with prior quantum information. By using an optical qubit-ququart entangling gate, we have experimentally demonstrated the new teleportation protocol -- teleporting a qubit to a photon preloaded with one qubit of quantum information. After the teleportation, the target photon contains two qubits of quantum information, one from the teleported qubit and the other from the pre-existing qubit. The teleportation fidelities range from 0.700.700.70 to 0.920.920.92, all above the classical limit of 2/32/32/3. Our work sheds light on a new direction for quantum teleportation and demonstrates our ability to implement entangling operations beyond two-level quantum systems.
Quantum mechanics provides a disembodied way to transfer quantum information from one quantum object to another. In theory, this quantum information transfer can occur between quantum objects of any dimension, yet the reported experiments of quantum information transfer to date have mainly focused on the cases where the quantum objects have the same dimension. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for quantum information transfer between quantum objects of different dimensions. By using an optical qubit-ququart entangling gate, we observe the transfer of quantum information between two photons with different dimensions, including the flow of quantum information from a four-dimensional photon to a two-dimensional photon and vice versa. The fidelities of the quantum information transfer range from 0.700 to 0.917, all above the classical limit of 2/3. Our work sheds light on a new direction for quantum information transfer and demonstrates our ability to implement entangling operations beyond two-level quantum systems.
In recent years, there has been heightened interest in quantum teleportation, which allows for the transfer of unknown quantum states over arbitrary distances. Quantum teleportation not only serves as an essential ingredient in long-distance quantum communication, but also provides enabling technologies for practical quantum computation. Of particular interest is the scheme proposed by D. Gottesman and I. L. Chuang [(1999) Nature 402:390-393], showing that quantum gates can be implemented by teleporting qubits with the help of some special entangled states. Therefore, the construction of a quantum computer can be simply based on some multiparticle entangled states, Bell-state measurements, and single-qubit operations. The feasibility of this scheme relaxes experimental constraints on realizing universal quantum computation. Using two different methods, we demonstrate the smallest nontrivial module in such a scheme--a teleportation-based quantum entangling gate for two different photonic qubits. One uses a high-fidelity six-photon interferometer to realize controlled-NOT gates, and the other uses four-photon hyperentanglement to realize controlled-Phase gates. The results clearly demonstrate the working principles and the entangling capability of the gates. Our experiment represents an important step toward the realization of practical quantum computers and could lead to many further applications in linear optics quantum information processing.
We suggest implementation of quantum teleportation protocol of unknown qubit beyond Bell states formalism. Hybrid entangled state composed of coherent components that belong to Alice and dual-rail single photon at Bob disposal is used. Nonlinear effect on the teleported state is realized due to peculiarity of interaction of coherent components with discrete variable state on a beam splitter. Bob performs unitary transformation after receiving the appropriate classical information. The protocol is nearly deterministic but the output state is subject to amplitude distortion which reduces the fidelity of the protocol. Final problem is reduced to finding a way to get rid of amplitude-distorting factor to restore the original qubit. Some strategies to increase the fidelity of the protocol are used. We show the teleportation can be implemented with arbitrary settings. Our approach is applicable to different basic number states of original unknown qubit. The scheme is realized by linear optics methods and requires an irreducible number of optical elements.
Quantum teleportation allows a "disembodied" transmission of unknown quantum states between distant quantum systems. Yet, all teleportation experiments to date were limited to a two-dimensional subspace of quantized multiple levels of the quantum systems. Here, we propose a scheme for teleportation of arbitrarily high-dimensional photonic quantum states and demonstrate an example of teleporting a qutrit. Measurements over a complete set of 12 qutrit states in mutually unbiased bases yield a teleportation fidelity of 0.75(1), which is well above both the optimal single-copy qutrit state-estimation limit of 1/2 and maximal qubit-qutrit overlap of 2/3, thus confirming a genuine and nonclassical three-dimensional teleportation. Our work will enable advanced quantum technologies in high dimensions, since teleportation plays a central role in quantum repeaters and quantum networks.
Quantum Teleportation, the transfer of the state of one quantum system to another without direct interaction between both systems, is an important way to transmit information encoded in quantum states and to generate quantum correlations (entanglement) between remote quantum systems. So far, for photons, only superpositions of two distinguishable states (one "qubit") could be teleported. Here we show how to teleport a "qudit", i.e. a superposition of an arbitrary number d of distinguishable states present in the orbital angular momentum of a single photon using d beam splitters and d additional entangled photons. The same entanglement resource might also be employed to collectively teleport the state of d/2 photons at the cost of one additional entangled photon per qubit. This is superior to existing schemes for photonic qubits, which require an additional pair of entangled photons per qubit.
Quantum teleportation is the faithful transfer of quantum states between systems, relying on the prior establishment of entanglement and using only classical communication during the transmission. We report teleportation of quantum information between atomic quantum memories separated by about 1 meter. A quantum bit stored in a single trapped ytterbium ion (Yb+) is teleported to a second Yb+ atom with an average fidelity of 90% over a replete set of states. The teleportation protocol is based on the heralded entanglement of the atoms through interference and detection of photons emitted from each atom and guided through optical fibers. This scheme may be used for scalable quantum computation and quantum communication.