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Laser & Photonics Review

Quantum Secret Sharing: Experimental Demonstration of 11‐Dimensional 10‐Party Quantum Secret Sharing (Laser Photonics Rev. 14(9)/2020)

Jonathan Pinnell, Isaac M. Nape, Michael De Oliveira, Najmeh Tabebordbar, Andrew Forbes

Published Sep 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum secret sharing allows the dissemination of private information amongst many participants with unconditional security. In article number 2000012, Jonathan Pinnell and co-workers devise and experimentally realize a scalable 11-dimensional implementation of a single photon secret sharing scheme with 10 participants: the highest dimension and number of participants achieved to date. Their work brings quantum communication across a network of nodes closer to fruition.

DOI
10.1002/lpor.202070050

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Quantum secret sharing allows the dissemination of private information amongst many participants with unconditional security. In article number 2000012, Jonathan Pinnell and co-workers devise and experimentally realize a scalable 11-dimensional implementation of a single photon secret sharing scheme with 10 participants: the highest dimension and number of participants achieved to date. Their work brings quantum communication across a network of nodes closer to fruition.
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Abstract Quantum secret sharing is the art of securely sharing information between more than two people in such a way that its reconstruction requires the collaboration of a certain number of parties. Here, by taking advantage of the high‐dimensional Hilbert space for orbital angular momentum and using Perfect Vortex beams as their carriers, a proof‐of‐principle implementation of a high‐dimensional quantum secret sharing scheme is presented. This scheme is experimentally implemented with a fidelity of 93.4%, for 10 participants in dimensions—the highest number of participants and dimensions to date. The implementation can easily be scaled to higher dimensions and any number of participants, opening the way for securely distributing information across a network of nodes.
Quantum secret sharing is the procedure of securely distributing information between multiple parties by exploiting the features of quantum mechanics. Many variants exist, but in this work, we report a high-dimensional realization of a single-photon secret sharing scheme for distributing classical keys amongst many nodes. The implementation, which makes use of twisted light, is realized for as high as 11 dimensions and for as many as 10 participants: the highest reported to date and which is easily extendable to even higher dimensions and many participants. Such a result is an important first step towards a future quantum network.
Secret sharing is the art of securely sharing information between more than two people in such a way that its reconstruction requires the collaboration of a certain number of parties. Entanglement-based secret sharing schemes which utilise multi-particle entanglement are limited by their scalability. Recently, a high-dimensional single photon secret sharing protocol was proposed which has impressive advantages in scalability. However, the experimental realisation of this protocol remains elusive. Here, by taking advantage of the high-dimensional Hilbert space for orbital angular momentum and using Perfect Vortex beams as their carriers, we present a proof-of-principle implementation of a high-dimensional single photon quantum secret sharing scheme. We experimentally implemented this scheme for 10 participants in d=11d=11d=11 dimensions and show how it can be easily scaled to higher dimensions and any number of participants.
Secret sharing allows three or more parties to share secret information which can only be decrypted through collaboration. It complements quantum key distribution as a valuable resource for securely distributing information. Here we take advantage of hybrid spin and orbital angular momentum states to access a high-dimensional encoding space, demonstrating a protocol that is easily scalable in both dimension and participants. To illustrate the versatility of our approach, we first demonstrate the protocol in two dimensions, extending the number of participants to ten, and then demonstrate the protocol in three dimensions with three participants. We reconstruct secrets depicted as images with a fidelity of up to 0.979. Moreover, our scheme exploits the use of conventional linear optics to emulate the quantum gates needed for transitions between basis modes on a high-dimensional Hilbert space, allowing us to exceed the 1 bit per photon limit of two-dimensional protocols. Our work offers a practical approach for sharing information across multiple parties, a crucial element of any quantum network.
Secret sharing allows three or more parties to share secret information which can only be decrypted through collaboration. It complements quantum key distribution as a valuable resource for securely distributing information. Here we take advantage of hybrid spin and orbital angular momentum states to access a high dimensional encoding space, demonstrating a protocol that is easily scalable in both dimension and participants. To illustrate the versatility of our approach, we first demonstrate the protocol in two dimensions and then extend it to three dimensions. We reconstruct secrets depicted as images with a fidelity of up to 0.979 and 0.946. Moreover, our scheme exploits the use of conventional linear optics to emulate the quantum gates needed for transitions between basis modes on a high dimensional Hilbert space while offering the potential of up to 1.225 bits of encoding capacity per transmitted photon (exceeding the Shannon limit). Our work offers a practical approach for sharing information across multiple parties, a crucial element of any quantum network.