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Physical Review Research

Enhancing survival resonances with engineered dissipation

Shijie Chai, Mikkel F. Andersen

Published Aug 4, 2020• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate a scheme that enhances survival resonances in a δ-killed system through actively recycling lost atoms.The process causes atoms to dissipate into superpositions of momentum states with sustained survival when exposed to kicks of a dissipative optical standing wave.The recycling process causes momentum redistribution, which gives the atoms multiple chances to enter a long-surviving mode.The survival resonance peak height shows an improvement of a factor of 2.4.This technique can increase the sensitivity and precision of atomic interferometers based on survival resonances.

DOI
10.1103/physrevresearch.2.033194

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We investigate a scheme that enhances survival resonances in a δ-killed system through actively recycling lost atoms.The process causes atoms to dissipate into superpositions of momentum states with sustained survival when exposed to kicks of a dissipative optical standing wave.The recycling process causes momentum redistribution, which gives the atoms multiple chances to enter a long-surviving mode.The survival resonance peak height shows an improvement of a factor of 2.4.This technique can increase the sensitivity and precision of atomic interferometers based on survival resonances.
We use an atom interferometer to investigate the dynamics of matter waves in a periodically pulsed optical standing wave: an atom optics realization of the quantum kicked rotor that exhibits chaotic classical dynamics. We experimentally show that a measure of the coherence between the interferometer diffraction orders can revive after a quick initial loss, and can approach a finite asymptote as the number of kicks increases. This observation demonstrates that quantum fidelity of a classically chaotic system can survive strong perturbations over long times without decay.
We report the first direct experimental realization of the quantum $\ensuremath{\delta}$-kicked rotor. Our system consists of a dilute sample of ultracold sodium atoms in a periodic standing wave of near-resonant light that is pulsed on periodically in time to approximate a series of delta functions. Momentum spread of the atoms increases diffusively with every pulse until the "quantum break time" after which exponentially localized distributions are observed. Quantum resonances are found for specific values of the pulse period.
The development of atom interferometry in the last few decades has led to high precision measurements of inertial effects and tests of fundamental physics. New methods for higher sensitivity atom interferometers (AIs) are being explored, particularly the interrogation of atoms with optical cavities [1]. Its benefits would be higher optical power allowing large momentum transfer beam splitters, and possibly cleaner and controlled phase profiles. However high sensitivity AIs require long interrogation times, which combined with cold atom expansion, bring the challenges of large waists in cavities.
We propose a scheme to significantly enhance the sensitivity of atom interferometry performed with Bose-Einstein condensates. When an optical two-photon Raman transition is used to split the condensate into two modes, some information about the number of atoms in one of the modes is contained in one of the optical modes. We introduce a simple model to describe this process, and find that by processing this information in an appropriate way, the phase sensitivity of atom interferometry can be enhanced by more than a factor of 10 for realistic parameters.