This chapter examines the coherence properties of two modes of entangled photons and its application quantum communication and holography.It is proposed novel two-photon entangled sources which take into account the coherence and collective phenomena between the photon belonging to two different modes obtained in two-photon cooperative emission or Raman or lasing.The generation of the correlated bimodal entangled field in two-photon emission or Raman Pump, Stokes and anti-Stokes modes is proposed in the free space and cavity-induced emission.The application two-photon and Raman bimodal coherent field in communication and holography are given in accordance with the definition of amplitude and phase of such entangled states of light.At first, this method does not appear to be essentially different in comparison with the classical coherent state of information processing, but if we send this information in dispersive media, which separates the anti-Stokes and Stokes photons from coherent entanglement fields, the information is drastically destroyed, due to the quantum distribution of photons in the big number modes may be realized in the situation in which the mean value of strength of bimodal field tends to zero.The possibility of restoration of the signal after the propagation of the bimodal field through different fibers, we may restore the common square amplitude and phase.This chapter examines the coherence properties of two modes of entangled photons and its application quantum communication and holography.It is proposed novel two-photon entangled sources which take into account the coherence and collective phenomena between the photon belonging to two different modes obtained in two-photon cooperative emission or Raman or lasing.The generation of the correlated bimodal entangled field in two-photon emission or Raman Pump, Stokes and anti-Stokes modes is proposed in the free space and cavity-induced emission.The application two-photon and Raman bimodal coherent field in communication and holography are given in accordance with the definition of amplitude and phase of such entangled states of light.At first, this method does not appear to be essentially different in comparison with the classical coherent state of information processing, but if we send this information in dispersive media, which separates the anti-Stokes and Stokes photons from coherent entanglement fields, the information is drastically destroyed, due to the quantum distribution of photons in the big number modes may be realized in the situation in which the mean value of strength of bimodal field tends to zero.The possibility of restoration of the signal after the propagation of the bimodal field through different fibers, we may restore the common square amplitude and phase.

IntechOpen eBooksOct 2, 20192 citations

Holography and interference processing of information

Л.М. Сороко

Uspekhi Fizicheskih NaukSep 1, 19663 citations

Continuous-wave, cooperative upconversion lasers.

Ping Xie

Continuous-wave lasers in which the emitted photon energy may be up to three times greater than that of the incident pump light by virtue of cooperative (coupled atom) upconversion processes are reported for the first time in this thesis. Cw upconversion laser action was obtained at wavelengths of 0.55 $\mu$ m, 0.70 $\mu$ m, 0.85 $\mu$ m and 2.8 $\mu$ m using infrared excitation in the range $\lambda$ = 1.48-1.70 $\mu$ m in concentrated crystals of Er:CaF$\sb2$ and Er:LiYF$\sb4$. Detailed aspects of the behavior and internal dynamics of these systems have been considered both experimentally and theoretically in this work. Two limiting approaches were applied to gain theoretical insight into possible unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers. These corresponded to strong and weak coupling theories. A density matrix approach describing the strong coupling limit predicted several new results of cooperative interactions, including enhanced quantum efficiency, enhanced energy transfer, and cooperative instabilities. A rate equation analysis appropriate to weaker coupling was used to confirm that cooperative upconversion lasers can operate continuously on self-terminating transitions and established threshold conditions for pair- and trio-pumped lasers. Time dependent upconversion fluorescence measurements were performed to investigate the pumping mechanism of the new lasers experimentally. These observations and measurement of the intensity dependence of upconversion emission established that the inversion mechanism was exclusively cooperative in nature. Upconversion laser instabilities were also studied and related to nonlinear, cooperative dynamics. Unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers were identified, compared with other upconversion pumping schemes, and exploited to demonstrate the first cw mode-locked solid state laser operating in the visible spectral range. On the basis of this work, it may be concluded that cooperative upconversion provides a practical means of generating coherent radiation in new spectral regions, even on self-terminating transitions.Continuous-wave lasers in which the emitted photon energy may be up to three times greater than that of the incident pump light by virtue of cooperative (coupled atom) upconversion processes are reported for the first time in this thesis. Cw upconversion laser action was obtained at wavelengths of 0.55$\mu$m, 0.70$\mu$m, 0.85$\mu$m and 2.8$\mu$m using infrared excitation in the range $\lambda$ = 1.48-1.70$\mu$m in concentrated crystals of Er:CaF$\sb2$ and Er:LiYF$\sb4$. Detailed aspects of the behavior and internal dynamics of these systems have been considered both experimentally and theoretically in this work. Two limiting approaches were applied to gain theoretical insight into possible unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers. These corresponded to strong and weak coupling theories. A density matrix approach describing the strong coupling limit predicted several new results of cooperative interactions, including enhanced quantum efficiency, enhanced energy transfer, and cooperative instabilities. A rate equation analysis appropriate to weaker coupling was used to confirm that cooperative upconversion lasers can operate continuously on self-terminating transitions and established threshold conditions for pair- and trio-pumped lasers. Time dependent upconversion fluorescence measurements were performed to investigate the pumping mechanism of the new lasers experimentally. These observations and measurement of the intensity dependence of upconversion emission established that the inversion mechanism was exclusively cooperative in nature. Upconversion laser instabilities were also studied and related to nonlinear, cooperative dynamics. Unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers were identified, compared with other upconversion pumping schemes, and exploited to demonstrate the first cw mode-locked solid state laser operating in the visible spectral range. On the basis of this work, it may be concluded that cooperative upconversion provides a practical means of generating coherent radiation in new spectral regions, even on self-terminating transitions.

Jan 1, 19921 citation

Discrete Approaches to Holography

Pablo Basteiro

Springer eBooksJan 1, 20250 citations

Visualized quantum 3D orbital-angular-momentum holography

Yi-Lin Hua, Yaodong Chen, Weijia Meng +4 more

Currently, most quantum holography schemes adopt reconstructing images from the second-order correlation information or fiber scanning, which are both non-visualized, meanwhile making three-dimensional (3D) quantum holography a big challenge.Here, we implement the visualized quantum 3D orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) holography in the twin photon system, where the OAM-multiplexing hologram within two imaging planes and three OAM channels in the signal arm is selectively read out and directly displayed on an intensified CMOS camera by switching the OAM state in the idler arm.A thousands-of-times acceleration of the holographic reconstruction process is achieved with the maintenance of the OAM feature for each pixel compared to the scanning approach.The 3D imaging feature in a quantum holography system provides additional freedom for further improving the capacity of holographic information transmission and encryption.Currently, most quantum holography schemes adopt reconstructing images from the second-order correlation information or fiber scanning, which are both non-visualized, meanwhile making three-dimensional (3D) quantum holography a big challenge.Here, we implement the visualized quantum 3D orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) holography in the twin photon system, where the OAM-multiplexing hologram within two imaging planes and three OAM channels in the signal arm is selectively read out and directly displayed on an intensified CMOS camera by switching the OAM state in the idler arm.A thousands-of-times acceleration of the holographic reconstruction process is achieved with the maintenance of the OAM feature for each pixel compared to the scanning approach.The 3D imaging feature in a quantum holography system provides additional freedom for further improving the capacity of holographic information transmission and encryption.

Chinese Optics LettersJan 1, 20242 citations

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m, 0.70

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m and 2.8

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m using infrared excitation in the range

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= 1.48-1.70

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m in concentrated crystals of Er:CaF$\sb2$ and Er:LiYF$\sb4$. Detailed aspects of the behavior and internal dynamics of these systems have been considered both experimentally and theoretically in this work. Two limiting approaches were applied to gain theoretical insight into possible unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers. These corresponded to strong and weak coupling theories. A density matrix approach describing the strong coupling limit predicted several new results of cooperative interactions, including enhanced quantum efficiency, enhanced energy transfer, and cooperative instabilities. A rate equation analysis appropriate to weaker coupling was used to confirm that cooperative upconversion lasers can operate continuously on self-terminating transitions and established threshold conditions for pair- and trio-pumped lasers. Time dependent upconversion fluorescence measurements were performed to investigate the pumping mechanism of the new lasers experimentally. These observations and measurement of the intensity dependence of upconversion emission established that the inversion mechanism was exclusively cooperative in nature. Upconversion laser instabilities were also studied and related to nonlinear, cooperative dynamics. Unique features of cooperative upconversion lasers were identified, compared with other upconversion pumping schemes, and exploited to demonstrate the first cw mode-locked solid state laser operating in the visible spectral range. On the basis of this work, it may be concluded that cooperative upconversion provides a practical means of generating coherent radiation in new spectral regions, even on self-terminating transitions.