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Journal of Physics Communications

Polarized double dressing control of biphotons interference and quantum tomography

Zhiqiang Luo, Xinghua Li, Yuwei Lan, Irfan Ahmed, Yang Liu, Guangchen Lan, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Jun 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We research the polarized dressing control of biphotons interference and quantum tomography. Different biphotons counting rates are obtained by different polarization dressings of incident beams of lights. We calculated the counting rates of all polarized dressing schemes. The counting rate of circularly polarized dressing has been observed with shorter period of oscillation and a longer coherence time when compared with linear polarization. Since, the different polarization dressings result in different modules of third-order nonlinear susceptibilities and different linewidths. Thus, we can adjust the dressing field by changing the polarization of the incident beam of light to obtain controlled pair of photons with desired longer coherence time. Based on that, we study the impact of the two dressing fields which cause the third-order nonlinear susceptibility to be different. In the absence and presence of external dressing field, the biphoton coincidence rate is completely different. By performing quantum tomography, we get various Werner-states and the polarization states of incident lights, this also helps in comprehensive characterization of output state. Further, we define the interference visibility for different polarized dressed states. The visibility of the circularly polarized dressing field is found to be larger when compared with linearly polarized dressing field. Thus, we can obtain photons with controllable coherence time and desired visibility with different polarization schemes to uncover the indistinguishability of photon interference and promote the study of quantum optics.

DOI
10.1088/2399-6528/ab9e12

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Abstract We research the polarized dressing control of biphotons interference and quantum tomography. Different biphotons counting rates are obtained by different polarization dressings of incident beams of lights. We calculated the counting rates of all polarized dressing schemes. The counting rate of circularly polarized dressing has been observed with shorter period of oscillation and a longer coherence time when compared with linear polarization. Since, the different polarization dressings result in different modules of third-order nonlinear susceptibilities and different linewidths. Thus, we can adjust the dressing field by changing the polarization of the incident beam of light to obtain controlled pair of photons with desired longer coherence time. Based on that, we study the impact of the two dressing fields which cause the third-order nonlinear susceptibility to be different. In the absence and presence of external dressing field, the biphoton coincidence rate is completely different. By performing quantum tomography, we get various Werner-states and the polarization states of incident lights, this also helps in comprehensive characterization of output state. Further, we define the interference visibility for different polarized dressed states. The visibility of the circularly polarized dressing field is found to be larger when compared with linearly polarized dressing field. Thus, we can obtain photons with controllable coherence time and desired visibility with different polarization schemes to uncover the indistinguishability of photon interference and promote the study of quantum optics.
In a spontaneous process, laser-polarized dressings produce characteristic triphoton waveforms regarding the oscillation period and coherence time. Correspondingly, circularly polarized dressings make it have longer oscillation periods compared to the effect of linearly polarized dressings attributed to dispersion relation changes, and shorter coherence times owing to the larger dressing field. Given that the optical response of the polarization state of incident light is the dressing field, we can control the averaged three-photon coincidence count rate by adjusting the polarization of the incident light. By performing quantum tomography, we can obtain W and W-like polarization entanglement states. Accordingly, strong and weak visibilities can be evoked for circularly and linearly polarized dressings.
Research on entangled multipartite systems with controllable wave functions has attracted significant interest in the field of quantum optics. For quantum communications and quantum information processing, linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities govern high-order correlations and entangled multiple-photon resources. In single- and double-dressing quadphoton correlations, we have observed the evolution of linear and nonlinear optical responses in the group delay and Rabi oscillation regimes. In the group delay regime, when linear susceptibility is evident, the quadphoton coincidence counting rate exhibits a rectangular profile. In the Rabi oscillation regime, the enhanced nonlinear susceptibility induced by strong laser dressing effects control quadphoton wave packets based on damped Rabi oscillation. Additionally, at different delay times, some photons exist in the group delay regimes, while others exist in the Rabi oscillation regimes, suggesting a coexistence mechanism. Additionally, there is a transition regime in which a portion of the photons are in both the group delay and Rabi oscillation regimes. By varying the power of the dressing field and optical depth, we realized the evolution between these two regimes for entangled quadphotons. Additionally, we demonstrate the shortening of coherence times under double-dressing conditions compared to single-dressing conditions. These results can help improving the length of coherence time and information capacity, which have great significance for the future development of long-distance and long coherent time quantum communication and quantum storage.
The two-photon interference effect of polarized light holds significant research importance in quantum optics. Different types of polarized light exhibit distinct interference behaviors, making the systematic study of these behaviors crucial. This paper introduces the concept of the polarization two-photon coherence matrix and provides a theoretical explanation for the differences in two-photon interference phenomena among linear, circular, and elliptically polarized light. Using a polarization Michelson interferometer based on two-photon absorption detection, second-order interference images of circularly polarized and elliptically polarized light were experimentally captured. The differences in these two-photon interference phenomena can be elucidated by visualizing the polarization coherence matrix. Furthermore, this theory was applied to the study of sub-wavelength interference phenomena of circularly polarized light, confirming the universality of the theoretical model and offering new perspectives and tools for the study of quantum optics.
Genuine quantum interference between independent nonlinear processes of different order provides a route to coherent control that cannot be reduced to a classical field interference. Here we present an all-optical analogue of coherent carrier injection by exploiting interference between second- and third-order quantum nonlinear processes in an integrated photonic platform. Photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion and spontaneous four-wave mixing coherently contribute to the same final two-photon state, resulting in a phase-dependent modulation of both the generation rate and the spectral structure of the emitted biphoton state. We illustrate the features of such interference and how it can be used to shape biphoton wavefunctions and their quantum correlations. These results identify interference between nonlinear processes of different order as a distinct form of coherent quantum control within quantum nonlinear optics.
We demonstrate a technique of quantum-state tomography for measuring the complex temporal wave function of narrowband biphotons with polarization-dependent and time-resolved two-photon interference. While the amplitude function of the biphoton waveform is directly related to the second-order correlation function which is determined by the two-photon coincidence measurement, the phase function is retrieved from six sets of time-resolved two-photon interference measurements projected onto different polarization subspaces. We apply this technique to experimentally reconstruct the temporal quantum states of the narrow-band biphotons generated from the spontaneous four-wave mixing in cold atoms. As compared with the homodyne detection, our method doesn't require any external phase reference.
Abstract The generation of a nonclassical multi-photon has aroused renewed interest in recent years. Here, we propose a new method to generate tri-photon and quad-photon correlations in time via a double-dressing spontaneous six-wave mixing and eight-wave mixing process in an atomic ensemble, respectively. When we only consider the nonlinear optical response, the coincidence counts of tri and quad photon serves as damped coherent Rabi oscillation. The coincident count of tri (quad) photon contains three (four) conditional two-photon correlation with 10 or 30 (26, 28 or 38) periods, corresponding to 11 or 19 (18 or 20) modes. These mode and periods of tri and quad photon result from destructive interference from the possible 4 or 8 six wave and 18 eight wave coherent channels, respectively. In addition, for tri-photon, the greater double-dressing field strength is, the fewer the number of periods are. The coherent times are also controlled by the double-dressing effect. Such results have potential applications in multi-mode quantum communication and quantum network.