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Technical Physics

Field dependences of the inversion coefficient in paramagnetic masers and phasers with nonlinear (bistable) pumping resonators

D. N. Makovetskii, K. V. Vorsul

Published Jan 1, 1991• 0 citations
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Ukrainian Journal of Physics•Jan 1, 1991•0 citations
Nonstationary processes in a three-level active paramagnetic phaser system have been investigated in case of the inversion state branching (bistability) which takes place below the threshold of self-excitation of the phonon generation. It has been shown that the nature of the branching of inversion states and transient processes in such a system depends significantly not only on a hypersound signal intensity, that was determined before, but also on a signal modulation frequency. Narrow nonlinear resonances and a critical slowing-down of transient processes have been found at simultaneous saturation of a spin-system by a standing electromagnetic pumping field and a hypersound-signal traveling wave.
The nonlinear dynamics in a paramagnetic maser amplifier is investigated experimentally and theoretically under conditions such that the active medium exerts a sufficiently strong feedback influence on the pump field to induce population inversion of the spin levels. Branching of the inversion ratio due to the onset of bistability in the nonlinear microwave cavity of the pump at a frequency of 150 GHz is observed experimentally. Conditions are determined for the possible excitation of new nonlinear resonances when the spin system is inverted by a standing-wave field, and the stability of the resulting stationary nonequilibrium states of the paramagnet is analyzed.
The molecular structure of a 3d 5 configuration ion in a trigonal ligand field is theoretically established on the basis of the 252\times252 complete energy matrice. The optical absorption and the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of the Fe3+ ion in the sapphire crystal (α-Al2 O3) have been studied by diagonalizing the complete energy matrice. The calculated results are in very good agreement with previous experimental observations. The strength of the transition probabilities between pairs of the energy levels have been calculated to determine the possibility to achieve a population inversion in the ground state by applying optical pumping to the crystal. Preliminary results based on the computed transition parameters and on the maser rate equations model show that a 31 GHz maser signal can be effectively generated depending on the cryogenic resonator design.